The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Stereotypes and standards of judgment.
Abstract
People routinely adjust their subjective judgment standards as they evaluate members of stereotyped social groups. Such shifts are less likely to occur, however, when judgments are made on stable, «objective» response scales. In 3 studies, subjects judged a series of targets with respect to a number of gender-relevant attributes (e.g., height, weight, and income), using either subjective (Likert-type) or objective response scales (e.g., inches, pounds, and dollars)
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The shifting standards paradigm accurately predicts disparate evaluation criteria as they are used to assess individuals based on their minority or majority status.
“In brief, the shifting standards paradigm appears to accurately predict disparate evaluation criteria as they are utilized to assess individuals based on their minority or majority status (Biernat et al., 1991).”
From Examining Counselor Trainees’ Clinical Impressions of Pornography Use: Implications for Couple and Family Counselors (2026) · cites this paper as Biernat et al., 1991
Citations
Cites
Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes.
Nisbett, R. E., & Wilson, T. D. (1977) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.84.3.231 · Cited by 11,317 · cited 2×
“Self-reports of effort are problematic given that they concern a cognitive process to which people are unlikely to have much access (Ericsson & Simon, 1984; Nisbett & Wilson, 1977).”
BackgroundOn the psychology of prediction.
Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1973) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0034747 · Cited by 6,202
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A social comparison theory meta-analysis 60+ years on.
Gerber, J. P., Wheeler, L., & Suls, J. (2018) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000127 · Cited by 808
Double Standards for Competence: Theory and Research
Foschi, M. (2000) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.26.1.21 · Cited by 599
Double Standards in the Evaluation of Men and Women
Foschi, M. (1996) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2787021 · Cited by 420
Biernat, M., & Kobrynowicz, D. (1997) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.72.3.544 · Cited by 537
Self-citationEgocentric definitions of traits and abilities in social judgment
Dunning, D., & Cohen, G. L. (1992) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.63.3.341 · Cited by 196
Female tokens in high-prestige work groups: Catalysts or inhibitors of group diversification?
Duguid, M. (2011) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2011.05.009 · Cited by 140
Flinchum, M. R., Bradley, L. J., Noble, N., & Jung, K. (2026) · The Family Journal · doi:10.1177/10664807261505019
Metadata
- Authors
- Biernat, M., Manis, M., & Nelson, T. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Florida (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 1991-04
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 485-499
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W2135349132
- Cited by
- 449
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 32.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
- Keywords
- stereotypes, subjective judgment, gender stereotypes, height, weight, income
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