Cited by 355Grief, Bereavement, and Mental HealthDeath, Funerary Practices, and MourningDeath Anxiety and Social Exclusion

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When avoiding unpleasant emotions might not be such a bad thing: verbal-autonomic response dissociation and midlife conjugal bereavement

Bonanno, George A., Keltner, Dacher, Holen, Are, Horowitz, Mardi J.·1995·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

DOI 10.1037/0022-3514.69.5.975

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Abstract

It has been widely assumed that emotional avoidance during bereavement leads to either prolonged grief, delayed grief, or delayed somatic symptoms. To test this view, as well as a contrasting adaptive hypothesis, emotional avoidance was measured 6 months after a conjugal loss as negative verbal-autonomic response dissociation (low self-rated negative emotion coupled with heightened cardiovascular activity) and compared with grief measured at 6 and 14 months. The negative dissociation score evidenced reliability and validity but did not evidence the assumed link to severe grief. Rather, consistent with the adaptive hypothesis, negative dissociation at 6 months was associated with minimal grief symptoms across 14 months. Negative dissociation scores were also linked to initially high levels of somatic symptoms, which dropped to a low level by 14 months. Possible explanations for the initial cost and long-term adaptive quality of emotional avoidance during bereavement, as well as implications and limitations of the findings, are discussed.

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Authors: Bonanno, G. A., Keltner, D., Holen, A., & Horowitz, M. J.
Affiliations: Catholic University of America (US)
ORCID: Bonanno, George A.
Keltner, Dacher
Holen, Are
Horowitz, Mardi J.
Venue: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1995-11
Volume: 69
Issue: 5
Pages: 975-989
ISSN: 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
1939-1315
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.69.5.975
OpenAlex: W2138840478
Cited by: 355
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 17
FWCI: 7.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
Social Sciences › Anthropology › Death, Funerary Practices, and Mourning
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
Keywords: emotional avoidance, bereavement, midlife, grief, somatic symptoms, cardiovascular reactivity, adaptive coping, prolonged grief disorder, delayed grief
MeSH terms: Adult, Bereavement, Emotions, Female, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Marriage, Middle Aged, Somatoform Disorders

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When avoiding unpleasant emotions might not be such a bad thing: verbal-autonomic response dissociation and midlife conjugal bereavement

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