Optimism is associated with mood, coping, and immune change in response to stress.

The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations

Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173 · Cited by 91,532

Emotion And Adaptation

Lazarus, R. S. (1991) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195069945.001.0001 · Cited by 12,691

Assessing coping strategies: A theoretically based approach.

Carver, C. S., Scheier, M. F., & Weintraub, J. K. (1989) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.56.2.267 · Cited by 11,507

Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change

Bandura, A. (1978) · Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0146-6402(78)90002-4 · Cited by 10,586

EQS : structural equations program manual

Bentler, P. M. (1989) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 9,669

Illusion and well‐being: A social psychological perspective on mental health

Taylor, S. E., & Brown, J. D. (1988) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.193 · Cited by 7,814

Attitude-behavior relations: A theoretical analysis and review of empirical research

Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1977) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.84.5.888 · Cited by 7,611

Learned helplessness in humans: Critique and reformulation.

Abramson, L. Y., Seligman, M. E., & Teasdale, J. D. (1978) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.87.1.49 · Cited by 7,121

Optimism, coping, and health: Assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies.

Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1985) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.4.3.219 · Cited by 6,690

Emotional processing of fear: Exposure to corrective information.

Foa, E. B., & Kozak, M. J. (1986) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.99.1.20 · Cited by 5,396

Karriereoptimismus im Karrierecoaching fördern und messen

Ebner, K. (2020) · Organisationsberatung Supervision Coaching · doi:10.1007/s11613-020-00638-8 · Cited by 2

Effect of second-hand smoke on systemic, oral and psychological health of primary school children in Western Uttar Pradesh: a biochemical analysis

Bhagia, P., Menon, I., Jain, A., Arora, V., Goyal, J., & AHRAF, A. (2021) · Minerva Dental and Oral Science · doi:10.23736/s2724-6329.21.04345-x · Cited by 2

Prioritize positivity in Italians: a validation and measurement invariance study of an italian version of the prioritizing positivity scale

Chiesi, F., Tagliaferro, C., Marunic, G., & Lau, C. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-04150-3 · Cited by 2

The Importance of Optimism for Adaptive Self-Regulation: Associations with Subjective Well-Being and Physical Health

Wrosch, C., Borenstein‐Laurie, J., Barlow, M. A., & Renaud, J. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-89095-6_14 · Cited by 2

Optimismo, suporte social e morbilidade psicológica em filhos adultos de doentes oncológicos

Amorim, L., & Pereira, M. (2009) · Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) · Cited by 2

Estudio del efecto del optimismo disposicional en el bienestar físico y psicológico desde una perspectiva longitudinal [Study of the effect of dispositional optimism on physical and psychological well-being from a longitudinal perspective]

Suárez, P. S., & Magallanes, A. (2006) · Acción Psicológica · doi:10.5944/ap.4.1.492 · Cited by 2

Physiological and Cognitive Changes during Helicopter Underwater Egress Training

Robinson, S. J. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-78242-187-0.00006-7 · Cited by 2

Mechanisms of Stress in Humans

Shih, C. (2016) · Activitas Nervosa Superior · doi:10.1007/bf03379736 · Cited by 2

Zusammenhänge von Ressourcen, chronisch aktiviertem Distress und Erschöpfung in der deutschen Allgemeinbevölkerung Associations of Resources Factors, Chronic Activated Distress, and Fatigue in the German General Population

Kocalevent, R., Klapp, B. F., Albani, C., Brähler, E., Medizin, P., Psychosomatik, S., & Medizinische, A. F. (2013) · Cited by 2

Die acht Rollen Verantwortlichkeitsbereiche

Albrecht, A. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-34253-1_6 · Cited by 2

THE PHENOMENA AND DYNAMISM OF MAGICAL THINKING: DEVELOPING A MAGICAL THINKING SCALE

Nakama, R., & Oshio, A. (2013) · PSYCHOLOGIA · doi:10.2117/psysoc.2013.179 · Cited by 6

THE ROLE OF HOPE AND COPING STYLES IN OPTIMISM

Ceran, S. Ö. (2013) · Cited by 2

Optimizam, pesimizam i tjelesno zdravlje

Kardum, I., Hudek‐Knežević, J., & Krapić, N. (2018) · Psihologijske teme · doi:10.31820/pt.27.3.12 · Cited by 4

POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY AND POSITIVE ORIENTATION

Petrović, V. (2010) · Exercise and Quality of Life · doi:10.31382/eqol201002079p · Cited by 2

EXPLORING POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL STRENGTHS IN EMPLOYEES ATTENDING EAP IN THE PUBLIC SERVICE: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

Papaikonomou, M., Cilliers, F., Ndhlovu, F. N., Ndhlovu, R., Ndhlovu, C., Ndhlovu, M., & Jivan, A. (2011) · Cited by 2

Psychoneuroimmunology: Mechanisms, Individual Differences, and Interventions

Stowell, J. R., Robles, T. F., & Kane, H. S. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118133880.hop209004 · Cited by 2

Approach-avoidance and optimism

Rose, J. P. (2009) · doi:10.17077/etd.07l9y7dz · Cited by 2

DO SEX AND PERCEPTION OF IMMEDIATE STRESS AFFECT OPTIMISM?

Durm, M. W. (2000) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.2000.86.2.373 · Cited by 2

Optimism, psychological well-being, and quality of life in females with Fibromyalgia Syndrome

Belcher, J. T. (n.d.) · ProQuest Demo Repository · Cited by 2

The relationship of teacher optimism to attitudes and beliefs regarding classroom management

Yerkes, D. P. (1999) · The Mathematics Enthusiast · Cited by 2

Hens with Benefits: Enrichments' Effects on Resilience in Laying Hens

Ross, M. W. (2018) · The Atrium (University of Guelph) · Cited by 2

Optimism in child development: conceptual issues and methodological approaches.

Farrall, E. (2008) · Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) · Cited by 2

The impact of structured support groups for pregnant women living with HIV

Mundell, J. (2008) · UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria) · Cited by 2

CEOs Psychological Capital and Service Quality in Nigeria Public Health Sector

Abolarinwa, S. I., Adedoyin, S. A., Asogwa, C. I., Amiens, E. O., & Igbnedion, A. (2025) · Sri Lanka Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.4038/sljms.v6i2.143 · Cited by 1

Physical Health in Optimism: A Narrative Review Study

SOLAK, M. Y. F., & Anlı, G. (2026) · MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi · doi:10.33206/mjss.1585096 · Cited by 1

Counseling Older Adults at Risk of Suicide: Recognizing Barriers, Reviewing Strategies, and Exploring Opportunities for Intervention.

Sawyer, P., & Williams, B. R. (2012) · Cited by 1

Development of a Model for Identification of Reasons for Deviation in Forecasts

Yekta, F. A., Salamzadeh, Y., & Yavarzadeh, M. R. (2015) · Cited by 1

Individual Factors Influencing Medical Conditions

Brady, K. L., & Fiero, P. L. (2001) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-8497-5_20 · Cited by 1

Academic Efficacy Mediates between Stress Level Appraisal and Coping Strategies among Law Students at BulSU

Josefina, C. O. (2018) · Psychology & Psychological Research International Journal · doi:10.23880/pprij-16000155

Characteristics of Happy People

Ramola, D., & Barman, S. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-2637-4_21 · Cited by 1

Optimism as a key factor in coping with the common cold

Puig‐Pérez, S., Kozusznik, M. W., & Pulopulos, M. M. (2024) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100748 · Cited by 1

Effect of stress during exam time on immunity - A Survey based study

Das, E., Shil, A., Saha, S., Das, A., Ghosh, S., & Singh, M. K. (2024) · Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences · doi:10.18006/2024.12(3).498.510 · Cited by 1

Evaluation of Contextualization of the Life Orientation Test - Revised to Enhance Validity in Sport

Whalen, S. J. (2007) · Cited by 1

Readiness of Makassar Public High School Counsellors in Coping Organizational Change

Dasmawati, A., & Boon, Y. (2014) · Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) · doi:10.11591/edulearn.v8i2.219 · Cited by 1

The positivity scale: Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Serbian version

Petrović, V., Žuljević, D., & Knezevic, Z. (2018) · Psiholoska istrazivanja · doi:10.5937/psiistra1802135p · Cited by 1

Ketangguhan mental siswa sma negeri atlet ragunan jakarta

Pratiwi, R., & Lutfi, I. (2019) · Tazkiya Journal of Psychology · doi:10.15408/tazkiya.v2i2.10774 · Cited by 1

The Assessment of Optimism and Pessimism among University Students: A Cross-Cultural Comparative Study between Kuwaiti and Omani Students

Kazem, A. M., & Alansari, B. M. (2008) · Journal of Educational & Psychological Sciences · doi:10.12785/jeps/090405 · Cited by 1

The relationship between dispositional optimism and cognitive functions in the middle-aged and elderly people

Iwahara, A., Shimai, S., Fujiwara, K., Hatta, T., Hatta, J., Kato, K., & Hatta, T. (2020) · Journal of Human Environmental Studies · doi:10.4189/shes.18.171

La version française de l’Échelle de Positivité : évaluer le facteur commun entre l’estime de soi, l’optimisme et la satisfaction de vie

Boiroux, F., & Junot, A. (2022) · Psychologie Française · doi:10.1016/j.psfr.2021.10.005 · Cited by 1

Optymizm dyspozycjonalny młodzieży niepełnosprawnej — wybrane konteksty

Byra, S., & Parchomiuk, M. (2009) · Chowanna · doi:10.31261/chowanna.2009.32.10 · Cited by 1

Psychological Resilience: The Influence of Positive and Negative Life Events Upon Optimism, Hope, and Perceived Locus of Control

Hand, M. P. (2008) · ScholarWorks (Walden University) · Cited by 1

Optimism, the natural placebo : cognitive, behavioural and motivational mechanisms of resilience towards pain

Hanssen, M. M. (2014) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20141205mh · Cited by 1

Caregiver Religiosity, Spirituality, and Positive Emotion as Predictors of Psychological Well-being in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients

Weller, A. B. (2009) · Digital Commons - PCOM (Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine) · Cited by 1

The Effects of the Bonny Method of Guided Imagery and Music (GIM) on Adults in Chemical Dependency Treatment: Sense of Coherence, Salivary Immunoglobulin A and Interpersonal Problems

Heiderscheit, A. L. (2005) · University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy (University of Minnesota) · Cited by 1

Gender differences in coping styles or just individual differences in the stress appraisal process

Carpenter, A. (2013) · eSource (Dublin Business School) · Cited by 1

Otimismo comparativo e percepções de controle face à saúde na adolescência: existirão diferenças etárias?

Bernardes, S. F., & Lima, M. L. (2005) · Estudos de Psicologia (Natal) · doi:10.1590/s1413-294x2005000300001 · Cited by 1

Adaptation to Stress Among Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Role of Positive Affect and Personality Factors

Ekas, N. V. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.7274/hx11xd09p86 · Cited by 1

Characterizing Resilience and Growth Among Soldiers: A Trajectory Study

Park, N., & Peterson, C. (2012) · Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) · doi:10.21236/ada562181 · Cited by 1

Általános és középiskolai tanulók jóllétének pozitív pszichológiai aspektusa

Hamvai, C. (2014) · SZTE Repository of Dissertations (University of Szeged) · doi:10.14232/phd.2485 · Cited by 1

Beyond Statistical Myopia: Replying to a Misguided Critique of Mind–Body Research

Aungle, P. J., Chen, D. L., & Holmes, N. P. (2026) · Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/25152459261417257 · Cited by 1

The fortigenic exploration of psychotherapists’ experiences in full-time private practice

de Lange, & Françoise, E. (2010) · UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria) · Cited by 1

Euphoria in multiple sclerosis: an investigation of constructs and symptons

Duncan, A. L. (2014) · Open University of Cape Town (University of Cape Town)

Does Perfecting Your Day Keep the Doctor Away?: Examining the Roles of Affect and Coping in the Association Between Perfectionism and Physical Health

Visk, C., & Smoak, F. A. (2009) · Digital Commons at Illinois Wesleyan University (Illinois Wesleyan University)

The effect of success/failure priming on financial risk tolerance

McAree, A. (2012) · eSource (Dublin Business School)

The Moderating Role of Meaning and Defense Mechanisms in the Association between Child Sexual Abuse and Romantic Relationship Dysfunction

Fairweather, A. (2008) · Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida)

Relatedness as an Indicator of Group Cohesion and Its Relationship to Outcomes of a Group-Based CBSM Intervention for Women Who have Completed Treatment for Breast Cancer

Morillo-Falero, M. D. R. (2009)

Risk processes implicated in the development of depression and anxiety-spectrum disorders

Salerno, F. (2009) · Spectrum Research Repository (Concordia University)

Examining the relationship between childhood victimization, health risk behaviors, and adult physical health outcomes among women on probation and parole.

Renn, T. (2015) · ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository (University of Louisville) · doi:10.18297/etd/2021

Stress, Psychosocial Factors, and the Outcomes of Anxiety, Depression, and Substance Abuse in Rural Adolescents

George, T., & Marie, N. (2005) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)

Optimismus und gesunde Lebensführung

Salewski, C., & Vollmann, M. (2011) · KOPS (University of Konstanz)

The moderating role of equity sensitivity on the optimism and stress relationship

Dalluge, J. W. (2012) · UTC Scholar (University of Tennessee at Chattanooga)

Hva kjennetegner optimistisk tenkning, og hvordan kan det læres?

Amundsen, T. (2013) · NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives

Evaluación del optimismo disposicional en pacientes en hemodiálisis y su relación con las complicaciones

Cantarero, I. L., Toledano, M. D. C. L., Luna, I. T., & Montero, R. C. (2014) · Enfermería Nefrológica · doi:10.4321/s2254-28842014000400004

Should I retaliate?: the role of aggression, forgivingness, moral responsibility, and social interest in the decision to return harm for harm

Locasio, A. L. (2003) · Texas ScholarWorks (Texas Digital Library)

DO OPTIMISTS HAVE BETTER LIVES? A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL OPTIMISM, LIFE SATISFACTION, AND QUALITY-OF-LIFE STUDY

Brown, C. (2006)

PREDICTIONS OF FUTURE BEHAVIOR

Tanner, R. J. (2008)

Long-term Predictors and Consequences of Optimal Psychological Outcomes in Childhood Cancer Survivors

Weinstein, A. G. (2022) · Digital Archive @ GSU · doi:10.57709/7921800

A Survey on Impact of Nine Point Deep Meditation

Nagarajan, M., Jayanthi, S., & Dhanapalan, T. (2015) · IJSRD : international journal for scientific research and development

Injured athletes : appraisal, coping, optimism, rehabilitation adherence, and rehabilitation engagement : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Psychology at Massey University, Albany, New Zealand

Langdon, S. J. (2015) · Massey Research Online (Massey University)

"Ahead on points" : understanding the long-term impact of colorectal cancer with liver metastases on quality of life and survivorship experiences

Whale, K. (2016) · UWE Research Repository (UWE Bristol)

EL BIENESTAR PSICOLÓGICO EN PRISIÓN: ANTECEDENTES Y CONSECUENCIAS

Psicología, M. F. D. (2013)

SPIRITUALITY AND OPTIMISM AS BUFFER OF SENSE OF COHERENCE AMONG IMMINENT RETIREES IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA

Oluwole, D. A. (2014) · The Living Cell

Dispositional optimism and heart surgery

Engelberg, J. (2015) · doi:10.7282/t3qn68n8

Dark Horse Running: The Role of Affect in Goal Pursuit and Goal Termination among Pessimists

Wellman, J. A. (2010) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)

Optimism as moderator of fatigue and quality of life of patients with breast and gynaecological cancer under and after oncological treatment

Pietrzyk, A., Franc, M., & Lizińczyk, S. (2016) · Psychoonkologia · doi:10.5114/pson.2016.64963

An Investigation of the Relationship between Maladaptive Primary Schemas and Happiness in Adolescents

Mohammadi, S. D., Alavi, F. R., Qomi, M. A., & Amiri, H. (2017) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)

Positive Psychological Factors, Abdominal Pain and Other Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptoms in Emerging Adults

Tomlinson, R. C. (2014) · The Atrium (University of Guelph)

Dispositional Optimism, Psychophysiology, and Health

Segerstrom, S. C. (2012) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195342819.013.0030

BRIEF REPORT Validation of the Chinese Version of the Life Orientation Test With A Robust Weighted Least Squares Approach

Li, C.-H. (2012)

Determination of Mental Health Status of Sporting Individuals

Sahin, M., Lök, N., Bademl, K., Kayaaslan, B., & Lok, S. (2018) · Journal of Community Medicine & Health Education · doi:10.4172/2161-0711.1000603

A Grounded Theory Study: Transition Experiences of First Year College Students with Pessimistic Explanatory Styles

Piechowski, H. (2018)

Are Optimistic People Happy or Are Happy People Optimistic?: A Longitudinal Analysis for the Examination of Causal Relationship between Optimism and Happiness

Choi, J. A., 최인철, Choi, E., & Lee, M. (2016) · 한국심리학회지 사회및성격 · doi:10.21193/kjspp.2016.30.3.006

The subjective wellbeing of Australians with an autism spectrum condition

Thorpe, K. G. (2018) · Figshare

Trait positive aVect and antibody response to hepatitis B vaccination

Marsland, A. L., Cohen, S., Rabin, B. S., & Manuck, S. B. (2006)

Character Strengths and Health

Song, J. (2009) · doi:10.23860/thesis-song-jaejoon-2009

How Personality Traits and Affective States Influence a Student’s Outlook on Life after University; A Correlational Study

Henderson, K. (2019) · e-space (Manchester Metropolitan University)

EFECTOS DE UN PROGRAMA CONDUCTUAL PARA EL CUIDADO DE PACIENTES ONCOLÓGICOS PEDIÁTRICOS * EFFECTS OF A BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE THE CARE OF CHILDREN WITH CANCER

Ortíz, I. V., León, F., & Sánchez-Hernández, J. (2006)

The Interaction between Personality Characteristics and Mood States in Media Contents Selection

Cho, S., & Hur, J. S. (2018) · International Journal of Contents · doi:10.5392/ijoc.2018.14.4.051

Effect of Integrated Ayurveda and Yoga Therapy (IAYT) on remission management of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A single case study

Satyam, T., Kiran, S., & Bhavani, M. (2020) · Integrative Medicine Case Reports · doi:10.38205/imcr.010113

Ethnicity and health in cervical cancer survivors : understanding vulnerability and resilience

Ortiz, J. A. (2010) · UNM’s Digital Repository (University of New Mexico)

The psychosocial variables contributing to treatment expectancies in individuals with irritable bowel syndrome

Wilson, T. (2009)

References

Oishi, S. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781444354447.refs

REFERENCES

(2018) · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · doi:10.1111/mono.12368

Références

(2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-2-294-77691-5.00009-9

Using Machine Learning to Generate Novel Hypotheses: Increasing Optimism about Covid-19 Makes People Less Willing to Justify Unethical BehaviorsPreprint

Savani, K. (2020) · doi:10.31124/advance.12859286.v1 · Cited by 1

References

BSc, M. L. M., Maslin, J., Meynen, T., Hons, D. C. P. T. M. B., BSc, M. R. H., & BSc, D. C. P. S. W. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470661420.refs

Segerstrom, Suzanne

Nes, L. S. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-24612-3_341

Literatur

(2012) · Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht eBooks · doi:10.13109/9783666401619.217

Segerstrom, Suzanne

Nes, L. S. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_341-1

Using Machine Learning to Generate Novel Hypotheses: Increasing Optimism about Covid-19 Makes People Less Willing to Justify Unethical BehaviorsPreprint

Savani, K. (2020) · doi:10.31124/advance.12859286 · Cited by 1

Abstract # 1790 The effects of psychological stress and optimistic expectation on T Cell-mediated Immunity

Maydych, V., Claus, M., Watzl, C., Wolf, O. T., & Kleinsorge, T. (2016) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.082

How does optimism suppress immunity? Evaluation of three affective pathways.

Segerstrom, S. C. (2006) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.25.5.653 · Cited by 74

Optimistic Expectancies and Cell-Mediated Immunity

Segerstrom, S. C., & Sephton, S. E. (2010) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797610362061 · Cited by 150

Dispositional optimism and stress-induced changes in immunity and negative mood

Brydon, L., Walker, C., Wawrzyniak, A. J., Chart, H., & Steptoe, A. (2009) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2009.02.018 · Cited by 165

Optimism and immunity: Do positive thoughts always lead to positive effects? Brain Behavior and Immunity

Segerstrom, S. C. (2005)