The DOI matches its Crossref record; 168 of the 172 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Stress, appraisal, and coping in child sexual abuse: A theoretical and empirical review.
Abstract
A review of theories to predict the mental health effects of child sexual abuse suggests that existing models have not adequately defined stress and coping constructs and have not specified how those variables might interact with other environmental factors. This article outlines a transactional model that conceptualizes sexual abuse as a stressor consisting of a series of abuse events, abuse-related events, and disclosure-related events that each tend to increase risk for maladaptive outcomes. The model also proposes that cognitive appraisals and coping responses mediate the effects of these events, that developmental and environmental factors may moderate relationships between sexual abuse stressors and victim responses, and that victims' initial responses may effect subsequent levels of abuse-related stress. Empirical studies relevant to the major components of this model are reviewed, and the implications of these findings for future research are considered.
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In the citing paper
“The more a child's resources are affected by the CSA, the more one can expect the child will show post-traumatic symptoms.”
From Mindfulness as Mediator and Moderator of Post-traumatic Symptomatology in Adolescence Following Childhood Sexual Abuse or Assault (2016) · cites this paper as Spaccarelli 1994
In the citing paper
“In one of the first proposals to this effect, Spaccarelli (1994) has argued that CSA will limit children's resources, which in turn will entail elevated symptoms.”
From Mindfulness as Mediator and Moderator of Post-traumatic Symptomatology in Adolescence Following Childhood Sexual Abuse or Assault (2016) · cites this paper as Spaccarelli 1994
Citations
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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“Stress: appraisal and coping,”
Folkman, S. (2013) · Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_215 · Cited by 27,833
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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd ed
Cooper, A. M., & Michels, R. (1981) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.138.1.128 · Cited by 7,419
Psychological stress and the coping process
Lazarus, R. S. (1966) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 7,164
(1992) · Cited by 5,228
(1983) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 4,251
Impact of child sexual abuse: A review of the research.
Browne, A., & Finkelhor, D. (1986) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.99.1.66 · Cited by 2,718
Impact of sexual abuse on children: A review and synthesis of recent empirical studies
Kendall-Tackett, K. A., Williams, L. M., & Finkelhor, D. (1993) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.113.1.164 · Cited by 2,537
Confronting a traumatic event: Toward an understanding of inhibition and disease.
Pennebaker, J. W., & Beall, S. K. (1986) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.95.3.274 · Cited by 2,074
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Effects of Family and Community Violence on Children
Margolin, G., & Gordis, E. B. (2000) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.51.1.445 · Cited by 1,252
Gender differences in posttraumatic stress disorder.
Olff, M., Langeland, W., Draijer, N., & Gersons, B. P. R. (2007) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.2.183 · Cited by 1,058
Vermande, M. M., van den Oord, E. J. C. G., Goudena, P. P., & Rispens, J. (2000) · Aggressive Behavior · doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2337(2000)26:1 · Cited by 36
Why children tell: a model of children’s disclosure of sexual abuse
Goodman-Brown, T. B., Edelstein, R. S., Goodman, G. S., Jones, D. P. H., & Gordon, D. S. (2003) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/s0145-2134(03)00037-1 · Cited by 560
McDonagh, A., Friedman, M. J., McHugo, G. J., Ford, J. D., Sengupta, A., Mueser, K. T., Demment, C. C., Fournier, D. A., Schnurr, P. P., & Descamps, M. J. (2005) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.73.3.515 · Cited by 422
Metadata
- Authors
- Spaccarelli, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Spaccarelli, Steve
- Venue
- Psychological Bulletin
- Published
- 1994-09
- Volume
- 116
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 340-362
- ISSN
- 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1455
- OpenAlex
- W1972094930
- Cited by
- 380
- References
- 172
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 8.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Military, Security, and Education Studies
- Keywords
- child sexual abuse, stress, cognitive appraisal, coping, transactional model, disclosure, mental health, developmental factors, environmental factors
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Child, Child Abuse, Sexual, Child Behavior, Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Stress, Psychological
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