The DOI matches its Crossref record; 62 of the 64 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Culture and basic psychological processes--Toward a system view of culture: Comment on Oyserman et al. (2002).
Abstract
D. Oyserman, H. M. Coon, and M. Kemmelmeier (2002) provide a most comprehensive review of empirical studies that used attitudinal surveys to capture cultural variations in individualism and collectivism. In the present article, the author suggests that the cross-cultural validity of attitudinal surveys can no longer be taken for granted. Moreover, the meta-theory underlying this literature (called the entity view of culture) is called into question. The author presents an alternative meta-theory (called the system view of culture) and discusses its implications for future work in cultural and cross-cultural psychology.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In independent cultures, the tendency is to consider a person to be an autonomous entity with distinctive, stable internal attributes that influence behavior.”
From Implications of an Emerging Integration of Universal and Culturally Specific Psychologies (2006) · cites this paper as Kitayama, 2002
In the citing paper
“Behavior is a consequence of responsiveness to others and to situations.”
From Implications of an Emerging Integration of Universal and Culturally Specific Psychologies (2006) · cites this paper as Kitayama, 2002
In the citing paper
“In interdependent cultures, a person tends to be viewed as an in- terdependent entity, or part of an encompassing social rela- tionship.”
From Implications of an Emerging Integration of Universal and Culturally Specific Psychologies (2006) · cites this paper as Kitayama, 2002
Citations
Cites
Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation.
Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.98.2.224 · Cited by 21,995
Self-citationCulture's Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values
Gladwin, T. N., & Hofstede, G. (1981) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/257651 · Cited by 20,550
Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values.
Sorge, A. M., & Hofstede, G. (1983) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2393017 · Cited by 15,195
The Handbook of Social Psychology
Gravatt, A. E., Lindzey, G. E., & Aronson, F. (1969) · The Family Coordinator · doi:10.2307/582242 · Cited by 12,518
Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes.
Nisbett, R. E., & Wilson, T. D. (1977) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.84.3.231 · Cited by 11,317
Powers, C. H., & Giddens, A. (1988) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2579442 · Cited by 8,854
(1991) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.28-6498 · Cited by 8,159
Illusion and well‐being: A social psychological perspective on mental health
Taylor, S. E., & Brown, J. D. (1988) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.193 · Cited by 7,814
The Cultural Origins of Human Cognition
Tomasello, M. (2009) · doi:10.2307/j.ctvjsf4jc · Cited by 6,368
Individualism and Collectivism
Hayek, F. A. (1976) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203991718-8 · Cited by 6,060
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Geertz, 1973, The interpretation of culture: Selected essays.
- 10.1037/0022-3514.76.3.349 · DOI
- Kitayama, 1999, Yin and yang of the Japanese self: The cultural psychology of personality coherence., 242
- Schwartz, 1998, Survey method., Vol. 1, 143
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 467
Which should you use, intuition or logic? Cultural differences in injunctive norms about reasoning
Buchtel, E. E., & Ara Norenzayan, A. (2008) · Asian Journal Of Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-839x.2008.00266.x · Cited by 84
Harada, T., Li, Z., & Chiao, J. (2010) · Social Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17470910903374895 · Cited by 81
Cross-Cultural Similarities and Differences in Characteristics Attributed to Entrepreneurs
Gupta, V. K., & Fernandez, C. (2008) · Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies · doi:10.1177/1548051808326036 · Cited by 86
Uskul, A. K., & Cross, S. E. (2019) · European Review of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/10463283.2018.1542903 · Cited by 77
Self-Construals and Values in Different Cultural and Socioeconomic Contexts
İmamoğlu, E. O., & Karakitapoğlu‐Aygün, Z. (2004) · Genetic Social and General Psychology Monographs · doi:10.3200/mono.130.4.277-306 · Cited by 85
Moon, C., Travaglino, G. A., & Üskül, A. K. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02262 · Cited by 86
Taijin Kyofusho and Social Anxiety and Their Clinical Relevance in Indonesia and Switzerland
Vriends, N., Pfaltz, M. C., Novianti, P., & Hadiyono, J. E. P. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00003 · Cited by 74
Wang, Z., Lu, W. D., & Qin, R. (2012) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.12.006 · Cited by 72
Chen, Y., Leung, K. Y., & Chen, C. C. (2009) · Academy of Management Annals · doi:10.1080/19416520903047244 · Cited by 74
Wang, H.-J., Lu, C.-Q., & Lu, L. (2014) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2012.712751 · Cited by 62
Sweet, M. A., Heyman, G. D., Fu, G., & Lee, K. (2010) · Infant and Child Development · doi:10.1002/icd.669 · Cited by 71
Su, J. C., Lee, R. M., & Oishi, S. (2012) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022112443413 · Cited by 71
Adaptive culture and product/service innovation outcomes
Jover, A. J. V., Alós-Simó, L., & Gómez‐Gras, J. (2017) · European Management Journal · doi:10.1016/j.emj.2017.07.004 · Cited by 70
Engel, D., Woolley, A. W., Aggarwal, I., Chabris, C. F., Takahashi, M., Nemoto, K., Kaiser, C., Kim, Y. J., & Malone, T. W. (2015) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/2702123.2702259 · Cited by 69
Cultural differences in social support seeking: The mediating role of empathic concern
Zheng, S., Masuda, T., Matsunaga, M., Noguchi, Y., Ohtsubo, Y., Yamasue, H., & Ishii, K. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0262001 · Cited by 86
Bhagat, R. S., McDevitt, A. S., & McDevitt, I. (2009) · Asia Pacific Journal of Management · doi:10.1007/s10490-009-9158-z · Cited by 67
The multiple frames of ‘Chinese’ values: from tradition to modernity and beyond
Kulich, S. J., & Zhang, R. (2012) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199541850.013.0017 · Cited by 67
Hofstede national culture and international trade
Kristjánsdóttir, H., Guðlaugsson, Þ., Guðmundsdóttir, S., & Aðalsteinsson, G. D. (2017) · Applied Economics · doi:10.1080/00036846.2017.1343446 · Cited by 66
Hope, L., Anakwah, N., Antfolk, J., Brubacher, S. P., Flowe, H. D., Gabbert, F., Giebels, E., Kanja, W., Korkman, J., Kyo, A., et al. (2021) · Legal and Criminological Psychology · doi:10.1111/lcrp.12202 · Cited by 81
Scenario-based scales measuring cultural orientations of business owners
König, C., Steinmetz, H., Fresé, M., Rauch, A., & Wang, Z. (2007) · Journal of Evolutionary Economics · doi:10.1007/s00191-006-0047-z · Cited by 65
Local Culture's Responses to Globalization
Fu, J. H., & Chiu, C. (2007) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022107305244 · Cited by 64
Dopamine-system genes and cultural acquisition: the norm sensitivity hypothesis
Kitayama, S., King, A. P. J., Hsu, M., Liberzon, I., & Yoon, C. (2015) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.11.006 · Cited by 66
Self-citationIn the Land of the Free, Interdependent Action Undermines Motivation
Hamedani, M. G., Markus, H. R., & Fu, A. S. (2013) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797612452864 · Cited by 62
What Is Implicit Self-Esteem, and Does it Vary Across Cultures?
Falk, C. F., & Heine, S. J. (2014) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868314544693 · Cited by 85
Ethnicity/race, ethics, and epidemiology.
Whaley, A. L. (2003) · PubMed Central · Cited by 62
Cross-Cultural Approaches to Measuring Motivation
Artelt, C. (2005) · Educational Assessment · doi:10.1207/s15326977ea1003_5 · Cited by 62
The measurement of values across cultures: A pairwise comparison approach
Oishi, S., Hahn, J., Schimmack, U., Radhakrishan, P., Dzokoto, V. A. A., & Ahadi, S. (2004) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2004.08.001 · Cited by 62
Zhang, J. (2009) · Journal of Advertising · doi:10.2753/joa0091-3367380105 · Cited by 59
Independent and Interdependent Self-construals and Socio-cultural Factors in 29 Nations
Fernández, I., Páez, D., & Castro, J. L. G. (2005) · International Review of Social Psychology · Cited by 59
Culture, memory, and the self: An analysis of the personal and collective self in long-term memory
Wagar, B. M., & Cohen, D. (2003) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0022-1031(03)00021-0 · Cited by 58
Interpreting societal culture value dimensions
Peterson, M. F., & Barreto, T. S. (2018) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/s41267-018-0185-1 · Cited by 55
Perspectives and Progress in Contemporary Cross-Cultural Psychology
Zheng, G., Leung, K. Y., & Adair, J. G. (2008) · ScholarWorks - GVSU (Grand Valley State University) · doi:10.4087/iwuq6689 · Cited by 58
Cynicism in Love and in Politics
Boski, P., Biłas-Henne, M., & Wiȩckowska, J. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-09810-4_14 · Cited by 53
A price to pay: Turkish and Northern American retaliation for threats to personal and family honor
Üskül, A. K., Cross, S. E., Günsoy, C., Gerçek‐Swing, B., Alözkan, C., & Ataca, B. (2015) · Aggressive Behavior · doi:10.1002/ab.21598 · Cited by 52
Na, J., Grossmann, I., Varnum, M. E. W., Karasawa, M., Cho, Y., Kitayama, S., & Nisbett, R. E. (2019) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.12536 · Cited by 58
Self-citationHan, P., Tong, Z., Sun, Y., & Chen, X. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19127222 · Cited by 58
Culture and Subjective Well-Being
Tam, K., Lau, B. H. P., & Jiang, D. (2010) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022110388568 · Cited by 54
McCann, R. M., Ōta, H., Giles, H., & Caraker, R. (2003) · Communication Reports · doi:10.1080/08934210309384492 · Cited by 48
International Students’ Motivation and Learning Approach: A Comparison with Local Students
Chue, K. L., & Nie, Y. (2016) · Journal of International Students · doi:10.32674/jis.v6i3.349 · Cited by 54
Travaglino, G. A., & Abrams, D. (2019) · European Review of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/10463283.2019.1621128 · Cited by 54
Testing and Assessment in an International Context: Cross-and Multi-Cultural Issues
Duarte, M. E., & Rossier, J. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6230-8_24 · Cited by 47
Heine, S. J. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470561119.socpsy002037 · Cited by 48
Sasaki, I., & Yoshikawa, K. (2013) · Journal of World Business · doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2013.10.005 · Cited by 45
Richard G. Condon Prize Toward a Cultural Psychology of Impermanence in Thailand
Cassaniti, J. (2006) · Ethos · doi:10.1525/eth.2006.34.1.058 · Cited by 44
Self‐leadership: a cross‐cultural perspective
Georgianna, S. (2007) · Journal of Managerial Psychology · doi:10.1108/02683940710778440 · Cited by 50
Koppman, S., Mattarelli, E., & Gupta, A. D. (2016) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.2016.1068 · Cited by 44
Claes, M., Perchec, C., Miranda, D., Benoît, A., Bariaud, F., Lanz, M., Marta, E., & Lacourse, É. (2010) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2010.05.009 · Cited by 47
Mendoza‐Denton, R., & Mischel, W. (2007) · Cited by 41
Kwon, H., & Sasaki, J. Y. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108562140 · Cited by 41
Reflections on the Meaning and Structure of the Horizontal/Vertical Distinction
Shavitt, S., Zhang, J., Torelli, C. J., & Lalwani, A. K. (2006) · Journal of Consumer Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15327663jcp1604_7 · Cited by 41
Chen, C., Ye, S. S., & Hangen, E. J. (2018) · Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/01443410.2018.1458975 · Cited by 40
Cullum, J., & Harton, H. C. (2007) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167207303949 · Cited by 41
Strauch, B. (2010) · Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society · doi:10.1177/0018720810362238 · Cited by 39
Shupe, E. I. (2007) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022107308996 · Cited by 40
Voyer, B. G., & Franks, B. (2014) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/gpr0000003 · Cited by 43
Papadopoulos, I., Lazzarino, R., Koulouglioti, C., Aagard, M., Akman, Ö., Alpers, L., Apostolara, P., Araneda-Bernal, J., Biglete‐Pangilinan, S., Eldar‐Regev, O., et al. (2021) · Journal of Transcultural Nursing · doi:10.1177/10436596211008214 · Cited by 39
Norasakkunkit, V., & Kalick, S. M. (2007) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-007-9082-1 · Cited by 38
Making sense of cultural distance for military expatriates operating in an extreme context
Fisher, K. R., & Hutchings, K. (2013) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.1882 · Cited by 36
Culture-Specific First Meeting Encounters between Virtual Agents
Rehm, M., Nakano, Y., André, E., & Nishida, T. (2008) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-85483-8_23 · Cited by 38
Wang, Z., McNally, R. C., & Lenihan, H. (2018) · European Management Journal · doi:10.1016/j.emj.2018.04.004 · Cited by 37
Implications of an Emerging Integration of Universal and Culturally Specific Psychologies
Smith, G. T., Spillane, N. S., & Annus, A. M. (2006) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00013.x · Cited by 35
Resilient higher educational institutions in a world of digital transformation
Gull, M., Parveen, S., & Sridadi, A. R. (2023) · foresight · doi:10.1108/fs-12-2022-0186 · Cited by 49
Zhu, O. Y., Li, H., Grün, B., & Dolničar, S. (2023) · Annals of Tourism Research · doi:10.1016/j.annals.2023.103681 · Cited by 34
Feelings and contexts: socioecological influences on the nonverbal expression of emotion
Niedenthal, P. M., Rychlowska, M., & Wood, A. (2017) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.07.025 · Cited by 36
Grenness, T. (2012) · International Journal of Business and Management · doi:10.5539/ijbm.v7n7p75 · Cited by 32
Heu, L. C., Hansen, N., & van Zomeren, M. (2021) · Journal of Social and Personal Relationships · doi:10.1177/02654075211002663 · Cited by 30
Temporal orientation as a robust predictor of innovation
Barreto, T. S., Lanivich, S. E., & Cox, K. C. (2021) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.09.003 · Cited by 33
Self and Agency in Context: Ecologies of Abundance and Scarcity
Adams, G., Bruckmüller, S., & Decker, S. K. (2012) · International Perspectives in Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0029348 · Cited by 36
Zolfaghari, B., Möllering, G., Clark, T., & Dietz, G. (2016) · European Management Journal · doi:10.1016/j.emj.2016.01.003 · Cited by 38
Studying Chinese culture and conflict: a research agenda
Lin, C. (2010) · International Journal of Conflict Management · doi:10.1108/10444061011016632 · Cited by 30
Ollfors, M., & Andersson, S. I. (2007) · Educational Research and Evaluation · doi:10.1080/13803610701434241 · Cited by 29
The impact of culture and gender on sexual motives: Differences between Chinese and North Americans
Tang, N., Bensman, L., & Hatfield, E. C. (2012) · International Journal of Intercultural Relations · doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2011.12.013 · Cited by 29
Learner Self-Regulation in Distance Education: A Cross-Cultural Study
Al-Harthi, A. S. A. (2010) · American Journal of Distance Education · doi:10.1080/08923647.2010.498232 · Cited by 29
Quality of Life in Developing Countries
Camfield, L. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-2421-1_19 · Cited by 29
The role of culture in understanding child sexual offending: Examining feminist perspectives
Purvis, M., & Ward, T. J. (2005) · Aggression and Violent Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.avb.2005.08.006 · Cited by 29
Cultural Differences in the Automaticity of Elemental Impression Formation
Lee, H., Shimizu, Y., & Uleman, J. S. (2015) · Social Cognition · doi:10.1521/soco.2015.33.1.1 · Cited by 28
Randall, A. K., Corkery, S. A., Duggi, D. B., Kamble, S. V., & Butler, E. A. (2011) · Family Science · doi:10.1080/19424620.2012.665378 · Cited by 30
Minbaeva, D., Rabbiosi, L., & Stahl, G. K. (2018) · Journal of World Business · doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2018.07.005 · Cited by 29
Receptive prosody in adolescents and adults with Williams syndrome
Skwerer, D. P., Schofield, C. A., Verbalis, A. D., Faja, S., & Tager-Flusberg, H. B. (2006) · Language and Cognitive Processes · doi:10.1080/01690960600632671 · Cited by 28
Culture as a Pathway to Maximizing the Stress-Buffering Role of Social Support
Campos, B., Yim, I. S., & Busse, D. (2018) · Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1177/0739986318772490 · Cited by 26
Culture and the brain: Opportunities and obstacles
Zhou, H., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2010) · Asian Journal Of Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-839x.2010.01302.x · Cited by 27
What Do We See in a Tilted Square? A Validation of the Figure Independence Scale
Kim, H. S., & Sherman, D. K. (2007) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167207309198 · Cited by 26
Kesbakhi, M. S., & Rohani, C. (2019) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-019-05118-z · Cited by 25
Different bumps in the road: The emotional dynamics of couple disagreements in Belgium and Japan.
Boiger, M., Kirchner‐Häusler, A., Schouten, A., Uchida, Y., & Mesquita, B. (2020) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/emo0000910 · Cited by 25
Caught Between Culture, Society, and Globalization: Youth Marginalization in Post‐industrial Japan
Norasakkunkit, V., Uchida, Y., & Toivonen, T. (2012) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2012.00436.x · Cited by 26
Hashi‐ire: Where occupation, chopsticks, and mental health intersect
Asaba, E. (2008) · Journal of Occupational Science · doi:10.1080/14427591.2008.9686612 · Cited by 24
Miyamoto, Y., & Eggen, A. T. (2013) · Handbooks of sociology and social research · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-6772-0_20 · Cited by 23
Feybesse, C., & Hatfield, E. C. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108658225.010 · Cited by 23
Zaumseil, M. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-32776-9_1 · Cited by 25
Essential role of culture in developmental psychology
Miller, J. G. (2005) · New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development · doi:10.1002/cd.135 · Cited by 23
Agarwal, J., & Malhotra, N. K. (2018) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.10.057 · Cited by 24
“Competencia” social, “competencia” emocional: una propuesta para intervenir en Educación Infantil
Giménez‐Dasí, M., & Quintanilla, L. (2009) · Journal for the Study of Education and Development Infancia y Aprendizaje · doi:10.1174/021037009788964222 · Cited by 22
The role of culture in theories of the intergenerational transmission of violence
Kım, K. (2011) · Child & Family Social Work · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2206.2011.00793.x · Cited by 21
Hitokoto, H., Glazer, J. E., & Kitayama, S. (2015) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.12554 · Cited by 21
Self-citationNational culture effects on stock market volatility level
Liu, W. (2018) · Empirical Economics · doi:10.1007/s00181-018-1502-z · Cited by 20
In search of a new paradigm for cultural psychology
Hwang, K. (2003) · Asian Journal Of Social Psychology · doi:10.1046/j.1467-839x.2003.00127.x · Cited by 20
A Test of the Multidimensionality of the Self-Construal Scale in Thailand and the United States
Christopher, M., Norris, P., D’souza, J. B., & Tiernan, K. A. (2011) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022111406119 · Cited by 20
Uhlich, M., Luginbuehl, T., & Schoebi, D. (2021) · Personal Relationships · doi:10.1111/pere.12405 · Cited by 21
Beyond a single story: The heterogeneity of human flourishing in 22 countries
Case, B. W., Counted, V., Ritchie‐Dunham, J. L., Cowden, R. G., Gibson, C. B., Koga, H. K., Lomas, T., & Padgett, R. N. (2023) · International Journal of Wellbeing · doi:10.5502/ijw.v13i4.3555 · Cited by 26
Shi, L., Zhang, D. “., van Meijgaard, J., MacLeod, K. E., & Fielding, J. E. (2015) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2014.302541 · Cited by 24
Metadata
- Authors
- Kitayama, S.
- Affiliations
- Kyoto University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Kitayama, Shinobu
- ORCID
- Kitayama, Shinobu
- Venue
- Psychological Bulletin
- Published
- 2002
- Volume
- 128
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 89-96
- ISSN
- 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1455
- OpenAlex
- W2123195627
- Cited by
- 465
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 40 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 24.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Cultural Differences and Values
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Social Representations and Identity
- Keywords
- individualism-collectivism, cross-cultural validity, attitudinal surveys, metatheory, cultural variation, basic psychological processes, cross-cultural psychology
- MeSH terms
- Attitude, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Cultural Characteristics, Humans, Psychology, Social, Systems Theory
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review