Personal names and the attentional blink: A visual “cocktail party” effect
Abstract
Four experiments were carried out to investigate an early- versus late-selection explanation for the attentional blink (AB). In both Experiments 1 and 2, 3 groups of participants were required to identify a noun (Experiment 1) or a name (Experiment 2) target (experimental conditions) and then to identify the presence or absence of a 2nd target (probe), which was their own name, another name, or a specified noun from among a noun distractor stream (Experiment 1) or a name distractor stream (Experiment 2). The conclusions drawn are that individuals do not experience an AB for their own names but do for either other names or nouns. In Experiments 3 and 4, either the participant's own name or another name was presented, as the target and as the item that immediately followed the target, respectively. An AB effect was revealed in both experimental conditions. The results of these experiments are interpreted as support for a late-selection interference account of the AB.
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A person's own name is a highly salient and attention-grabbing signal with increased priority.
“A person ' s own name is a highly salient and attention-grabbing signal, which has increased priority”
From Exploring Theater Neuroscience: Using Wearable Functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy to Measure the Sense of Self and Interpersonal Coordination in Professional Actors (2022) · cites this paper as Shapiro, Caldwell, & Sorensen, 1997
The positive response to self-name calling in Channel 20 is consistent with prior literature showing self-name prioritization and suggests that fNIRS is able to detect a self-name response in typical adults.
“The positive response to self-name calling in Channel 20 is consistent with prior literature showing self-name prioritization (Gronau et al., 2003; Shapiro et al., 1997) and suggests that fNIRS is able to detect a self-name response in typical adults.”
From Exploring Theater Neuroscience: Using Wearable Functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy to Measure the Sense of Self and Interpersonal Coordination in Professional Actors (2022) · cites this paper as Shapiro et al., 1997
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- Authors
- Shapiro, K. L., Caldwell, J., & Sorensen, R. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Calgary (CA)
- ORCID
- Shapiro, Kimron L.
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance
- Published
- 1997
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 504-514
- ISSN
- 0096-1523 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1277
- OpenAlex
- W1994655585
- Cited by
- 331
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 2.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- attentional blink, personal names, early selection, late selection, visual attention, target detection, cocktail party effect
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Attention, Female, Humans, Male, Names, Photic Stimulation, Visual Perception
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