The structure and correlates of anxiety sensitivity in older adults.
Abstract
Anxiety sensitivity (AS) has been defined as the fear of symptoms of anxiety and panic, and is most frequently assessed with the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (Peterson & Reiss, 1987). To investigate the nature and structure of AS in an older sample, data were collected from a sample of 322 adults aged 65 to 97, with mean age 75. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a hierarchical structure with three group factors (physical concerns, mental incapacitation concerns, and social concerns), as well as a general factor, consistent with previous investigations. Results suggest that the nature and structure of the AS trait in older adults are highly similar to those of younger adults.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Zinbarg, R. E., Yovel, I., Revelle, W., & McDonald, R. P. (2006) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/0146621605278814 · Cited by 422 · see citing works
“That is, the ASI has been consistently found to contain three group factors, with one group factor much larger than the other two and with several indicators having group factor cross-loadings (e.g., Mohlman & Zinbarg, 2000; Zinbarg et al., 1997; Zinbarg et al., 1999).”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe Barratt Impulsiveness Scale - 11: Reassessment of its Structure in a Community Sample
Reise, S., Moore, T. M., Sabb, F., Brown, A. K., & London, E. (2013) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/a0032161 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
“…interpretability of a composite score in the presence of item-response multidimensionality, one should estimate statistical indices based on a bifactor structural model (e.g., Gignac, Palmer & Stough, 2007; Gustafsson & AbergBengtsson, 2010; Mohlman & Zinbarg, 2000; Reise, Moore & Haviland, 2010).”
BackgroundGignac, G. (2016) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2016.01.006 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
“…fitting bifactor models, in comparison to higher-order models, across a variety of sample sizes (e.g., Bechtel, Verdugo, & de Queiroz Pinheiro, 1999; Gignac, 2005; Gignac, Palmer, Manocha, & Stough, 2005; Mohlman & Zinbarg, 2000; Smith, Parrott, Diener, Hoyle, & Kim, 1999; Watkins & Kush, 2002).”
O'Connor, B. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.83.4.962 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Osman, A., Gutierrez, P. M., Smith, K. D., Fang, Q., Lozano, G., & Devine, A. (2010) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223890903379332 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
“Prior research with the original versions of the ASI suggested that anxiety sensitivity is linked with a range of symptoms of psychopathology (e.g., Mohlman & Zinbarg, 2000).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialBrown, T. A., White, K. S., Forsyth, J. P., & Barlow, D. H. (2004) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(04)80005-4 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Jokić‐Begić, N., Žigić, L., & Radoš, S. N. (2013) · Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.3109/0167482x.2013.866647 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Factor structure of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index among African American college students.
Carter, M., Miller, O., Sbrocco, T., Suchday, S., & Lewis, E. L. (1999) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.11.4.525 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Mahoney, C. T., Segal, D. L., & Coolidge, F. L. (2015) · The International Journal of Aging and Human Development · doi:10.1177/0091415015621309 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
“Mohlman and Zinbarg (2000) examined the factor structure of AS in older adults, finding a hierarchical structure comparable to younger adult samples.”
ResultBrenes, G. A., Miller, M. E., Williamson, J. D., McCall, W. V., Knudson, M., & Stanley, M. A. (2012) · The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/jgp.0b013e31822ccd3e · Cited by 77 · see citing works
“The ASI has been validated in an older adult sample (18).”
MethodBadour, C. L., Bown, S., Adams, T., Bunaciu, L., & Feldner, M. (2012) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2012.03.001 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Older Adult Psychological Assessment
Edelstein, B., Woodhead, E. L., Segal, D., Heisel, M. J., Bower, E., Lowery, A. J., & Stoner, S. (2007) · Clinical Gerontologist · doi:10.1080/07317110802072108 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
“The ASI has psychometric support for its convergent validity with community dwelling older adults (Mohlman & Zinbarg, 2000).”
Psychometric Properties of the Leiden Index of Depression Sensitivity (LEIDS)
Solis, E., Antypa, N., Conijn, J. M., Kelderman, H., & van der Does, W. (2017) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000326 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
“Research has repeatedly shown a higher order unifactorial structure (Zinbarg & Barlow, 1996; Zinbarg, Barlow, & Brown, 1997; Mohlman & Zinbarg, 2000; Vujanovic, Zvolensky, Bernstein, Feldner, & Table 1 Sample Characteristics of the Total NESDA Sample and Student Sample NESDA Student Characteristic…”
BackgroundAge differences in anxious responding: older and calmer, unless the trigger is physical.
Teachman, B., & Gordon, T. L. (2009) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/a0016813 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Factor structure and construct validity of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index among island Puerto Ricans.
Cintrón, J. A., Carter, M., Suchday, S., Sbrocco, T., & Gray, J. (2005) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2003.10.007 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
“Index (ASI) among a mostly European American sample revealed a hierarchical factor structure with three discrete first-order factors (Mental Incapacitation Concerns, Physical Concerns, and Social Concerns) and a general higher order factor ( Mohlman & Zinbarg, 2000; Zinbarg and Barlow, 1996; Zinbarg, Mohlman, & Hong,…”
BackgroundSaade, Y. M., Nicol, G., Lenze, E. J., Miller, J. P., Yingling, M., Wetherell, J. L., Reynolds, C. F., & Mulsant, B. H. (2019) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22964 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Carter, M., Suchday, S., & Gore, K. (2001) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0887-6185(01)00061-5 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Ghisi, M., Bottesi, G., Altoè, G., Razzetti, E., Melli, G., & Sica, C. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00160 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“However, studies of both scales demonstrated that their factor solutions were not fully satisfying (e.g., Mohlman and Zinbarg, 2000; Blais et al., 2001; Zvolensky and Forsyth, 2002; Bouvard et al., 2003; Deacon et al., 2003; Olatunji et al., 2005; Deacon and Abramowitz, 2006; Armstrong et al.,…”
BackgroundAnxiety sensitivity in first-degree relatives of patients with panic disorder.
van Beek, N., & Griez, E. (2003) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(02)00129-8 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Jurin, T., Jokić-begić, N., & Korajlija, A. L. (2012) · Assessment (Odessa, Fla.) · doi:10.1177/1073191111402459 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“This aspect has been the most debated due to its poor stability (Mohlman & Zinbarg, 2000).”
BackgroundEvaluating the Invariance of the Factor Structure of the EPQ–R–N Among Adolescents
Mor, N., Zinbarg, R., Craske, M., Mineka, S., Uliaszek, A. A., Rose, R., Griffith, J., & Waters, A. (2008) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223890701693777 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“This hierarchical model contains three group factors (Physical, Mental, and Social Concerns) in addition to a general factor (Mohlman & Zinbarg, 2000; Zinbarg et al., 1997; Zinbarg & Schmidt, 2002; see Lilienfeld, Turner, & Jacob, 1993, for a similar model).”
BackgroundSelf-citationAllan, N. P., Norr, A. M., Boffa, J. W., Durmaz, D. A., Raines, A. M., & Schmidt, N. B. (2015) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.05.066 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“As suggested by Mohlman and Zinbarg (2000), AS appears to comprise a global factor in addition to the three lower-order dimensions.”
Bourgault-Fagnou, M. D., & Hadjistavropoulos, H. D. (2012) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2012.717302 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“Although common in researchwith seniors (e.g., Boston&Merrick, 2010; Mohlman & Zinbarg, 2000), it is important to be aware that these findings may not generalize tomales.”
BackgroundParent and Child Anxiety Sensitivity: Relationship in a Nonclinical Sample
Tsao, J., Myers, C., Craske, M., Bursch, B., Kim, S. C., & Zeltzer, L. (2005) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-005-2406-8 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“emotions, “It embarrasses me when my stomach growls.” Prior research has noted the relatively weak nature of this subscale in factor analytic studies (e.g., Mohlman & Zinbarg, 2000 ), which may in part be attributable to the small number of items.”
BackgroundAnxiety sensitivity and fear of exercise in patients attending cardiac rehabilitation
Farris, S. G., Bond, D., Wu, W.-C., Stabile, L., & Abrantes, A. (2018) · Mental Health and Physical Activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2018.06.005 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Specific phobias in older adults: characteristics and differential diagnosis
Coelho, C., Gonçalves, D. C., Purkis, H., Pocinho, M., Pachana, N., & Byrne, G. (2010) · International Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1017/s1041610210000505 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“A confirmatory factor analysis performed with a sample of 322 participants aged 65 years or older indicated that the psychometric properties of the ASI were satisfactory (Mohlman and Zinbarg, 2000).”
MethodModerators of age effects on attention bias toward threat and its association with anxiety.
Namaky, N., Beltzer, M. L., Werntz, A., Lambert, A. E., Isaacowitz, D., & Teachman, B. (2017) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.10.048 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“The psychometric properties of the DASS, ASI, TM, Stroop, and OSPAN have all been validated in older adults (see Gloster et al., 2008; Mohlman and Zinbarg, 2000; Mitchell and Miller, 2008; Davidson et al., 2003; Bailey et al., 2009).”
MethodPsychometric properties of the Iranian version of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3)
Foroughi, A. A., Mohammadpour, M., Khanjani, S., Pouyanfard, S., Dorouie, N., & Parvizi Fard, A. A. (2019) · Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy · doi:10.1590/2237-6089-2018-0078 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Wilkes, C. M., Wilson, H. W., Woodard, J. L., & Calamari, J. E. (2013) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2013.03.008 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Depression remission rates among older black and white adults: Analyses from the IRL-GREY trial
Hall, C. A., Simon, K. M., Lenze, E., Dew, M., Begley, A., Butters, M., Blumberger, D., Stack, J., Mulsant, B., & Reynolds, C. (2015) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201400480 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“The ASI is a 16-item, self-report questionnaire rated on a 5-point scale (0, a little; 4, very much).”
InfluentialSaliba, A., Moran, C. C., & Yoo, Y. (2014) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-014-9490-5 · Cited by 12
“Anxiety sensitivity can lead to high levels of drinking in order to reduce anxiety symptoms (Norton 2001) with effects on physiological, cognitive, and emotional pathways that can be associated with disorders that emerge in older adulthood (Mohlman and Zinbarg 2000).”
BackgroundTreatment Emergent Suicidal Ideation in depressed older adults
Cristancho, P., O’Connor, B., Lenze, E., Blumberger, D., Reynolds, C. F., Dixon, D., & Mulsant, B. H. (2016) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.4498 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Zinbarg, R., & Schmidt, N. B. (2002) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(02)00172-1 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationA preliminary examination of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 factor structure in older adults.
Do, C., Pizzonia, K., Koscinski, B., Sánchez, C. M., Suhr, J. A., & Allan, N. P. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.076 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Mohlman, J., Eldreth, D., Price, R., Chazin, D. D., & Glover, D. (2012) · Journal of behavioral medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-011-9326-8 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“The ASI has three distinct subscales: Mental Concerns, Physical Concerns, and Social Concerns, which should be interpreted separately to reach an accurate conceptualization of each patient or group ( Mohlman and Zinbarg 2000 ).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationAnxiety Disorders in Late Life: Considerations for Assessment and Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment
Erickson, J., & Rector, N. (2021) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2021.04.009 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Mchugh, R. (2019) · The Clinician's Guide to Anxiety Sensitivity Treatment and Assessment · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813495-5.00002-4 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Personality and Grief-Related Panic Attacks: Analysis of Neuroticism, Worry, and Anxiety Sensitivity
Lee, S. A., & Bottomley, J. S. (2021) · Omega · doi:10.1177/0030222821992192 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“For example, although anxiety sensitivity appears to present in similar structural ways regardless of gender or age (Mohlman & Zinbarg, 2000), women are more vulnerable to anxiety sensitivity (e.g., Olatunji & Wolitzky-Taylor, 2009) and older men, particularly from diverse cultural and ethnic…”
BackgroundBronk, J. (2021) · Whitehall Papers · doi:10.1080/02681307.2021.2005905
“The ASI measures have good internal consistency, test– retest reliability, and strong convergent validity with other measures of anxiety (Mohlman & Zinbarg, 2000; Reiss et al., 1986; Taylor & Cox, 1998; Zvolensky et al., 2003).”
Assessment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Panic, and Phobias with African Americans
Chapman, L. K., DeLapp, R. C. T., & Richards, A. E. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1004-5_9 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“cerns (Mohlman and Zinbarg 2000; Zinbarg et al. 1999).”
Anxiety Disorders in Late Life
Carmin, C. (2004) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b0-12-657410-3/00720-0
- Authors
- Mohlman, J., & Zinbarg, R. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Oregon (US)
- Venue
- Psychological Assessment
- Published
- 2000
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 440-446
- ISSN
- 1040-3590 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-134X
- OpenAlex
- W2009189098
- Cited by
- 46
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 3.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Assessment (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1f31mh011551-01a1)
- National Institute of Mental Health (2T32MH18935-06, 1F31MH11551-01A1, T32MH018935)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- anxiety sensitivity, older adults, Anxiety Sensitivity Index, factor structure, physical concerns, social problems, age differences
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anxiety, Female, Humans, Male, Panic, Personality Inventory, Psychometrics, Risk Factors, Sick Role, Somatoform Disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
