The DOI matches its Crossref record; 49 of the 49 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Comparative epidemiology of dependence on tobacco, alcohol, controlled substances, and inhalants: basic findings from the National Comorbidity Survey
Abstract
Studying prevalence of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (3rd ed., rev., American Psychiatric Association, 1987) drug dependence among Americans 15-54 years old, we found about 1 in 4 (24%) had a history of tobacco dependence; about 1 in 7 (14%) had a history of alcohol dependence; and about 1 in 13 (7.5%) had a history of dependence on an inhalant or controlled drug. About one third of tobacco smokers had developed tobacco dependence and about 15% of drinkers had become alcohol dependent. Among users of the other drugs, about 15% had become dependent. Many more Americans age 15-54 have been affected by dependence on psychoactive substances than by other psychiatric disturbances now accorded a higher priority in mental health service delivery systems, prevention, and sponsored research programs. The aim of this article is to report basic descriptive findings from new research on the epidemiology of drug dependence syndromes, conducted as part of the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS). In this study, our research team secured a nationally representative sample and applied standardized diagnostic assessments in a way that allows direct comparisons across prevalence estimates and cor
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Potential cannabis dependence (reported in 4–9% of users) (Anthony et al., 1994; Volkow et al., 2014)”
From Self-management strategies to consider to combat endometriosis symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020) · cites this paper as Anthony et al., 1994
In the citing paper
“In the NCS, it was estimated that the 92% of the population had used alcohol; 76% had engaged in tobacco smoking; 51%, any extra-medical use of psychoactive drugs; 46%, cannabis, and 16%, cocaine.”
From Epidemiological patterns of extra-medical drug use in the United States: Evidence from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication, 2001–2003 (2007) · cites this paper as Anthony et al., 1994
In the citing paper
“A proportion of those who begin using any drug will experience problems related to their use, and some will develop dependence ([Anthony et al., 1994](#R3); [Chen et al., 2005](#R7)).”
From Epidemiological patterns of extra-medical drug use in the United States: Evidence from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication, 2001–2003 (2007) · cites this paper as Anthony et al., 1994
Citations
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions
Fleiss, J. L., Levin, B., & Paik, M. C. (2003) · Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics · doi:10.1002/0471445428 · Cited by 18,646
Kessler, R. C. (1994) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950010008002 · Cited by 12,370
Self-citationDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd ed
Cooper, A. M., & Michels, R. (1981) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.138.1.128 · Cited by 7,419
Hawkins, J. D., Catalano, R. F., & Miller, J. Y. (1992) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.64 · Cited by 5,428
Drake, M. M. (1988) · American Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.5014/ajot.42.10.683b · Cited by 5,303
Robins, L. N. (1981) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1981.01780290015001 · Cited by 5,219
Robins, L. N. (1988) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1988.01800360017003 · Cited by 2,909
Wittchen, H.-U. (1994) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(94)90036-1 · Cited by 2,348
Psychiatric disorders in America
Robins, L. N. (1991) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,567
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Drug harms in the UK: a multicriteria decision analysis
Nutt, D. J., King, L. A., & Phillips, L. D. (2010) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)61462-6 · Cited by 1,681
Effectiveness of brief alcohol interventions in primary care populations
Kaner, E. F., Beyer, F. R., Muirhead, C., Campbell, F., Pienaar, E. D., Bertholet, N., Daeppen, J. B., Saunders, J. B., & Burnand, B. (2018) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd004148.pub4 · Cited by 1,665
Addiction and the brain antireward system
Koob, G. F., & Le Moal, M. (2008) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.59.103006.093548 · Cited by 1,457
Development of a rational scale to assess the harm of drugs of potential misuse
Nutt, D., King, L. A., Saulsbury, W., & Blakemore, C. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)60464-4 · Cited by 1,302
Drug addiction: updating actions to habits to compulsions ten years on
Everitt, B. J., & Robbins, T. W. (2016) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-122414-033457 · Cited by 1,225
Metadata
- Authors
- Anthony, J. C., Warner, L. A., & Kessler, R. C.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Venue
- Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology
- Published
- 1994-08
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 244-268
- ISSN
- 1064-1297 (ISSN-L)
- 1936-2293
- OpenAlex
- W1986911450
- Cited by
- 1,341
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 72 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 103 · 2016: 50 · 2015: 59 · 2014: 51 · 2013: 50 · 2012: 52
- FWCI
- 11.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- substance dependence, tobacco dependence, alcoholism, inhalant use, controlled substances, prevalence, comorbidities, National Comorbidity Survey, mental illness, psychoactive substances
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
