Importance of environmental distractors in the effects of nicotine on short-term memory.
Abstract
This study examined the role of environmental context in mediating the effects of nicotine on short-term memory performance (i.e., working memory). Male and female smokers (n = 12, overnight tobacco abstinent) and nonsmokers (n = 11) were administered nicotine (20 ug/kg) and a placebo (0 ug/kg) by means of a measured-dose nasal spray procedure on separate days. Participants were tested on a variant of S. Sternberg's (1966) memory search task. Half of the memory task sets involved the presentation of an auditory environmental distraction. Improvements in short-term memory performance with nicotine were primarily seen in smokers and in the presence of the distracting stimuli. These results suggest that environmental conditions, such as the presence of a distracting stimulus, may play an important role in mediating the effects of nicotine.
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The finding that participants reported more adverse effects with nicotine is consistent with studies delineating the physical effects of nicotine replacement therapies in never smokers.
“This is consistent with studies delineating the physical effects of nicotine replacement therapies in never smokers.”
From Acute Effects of Nicotine on Physiological and Subjective Sexual Arousal in Nonsmoking Men: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial (2008) · cites this paper as [43]
Intermediate doses of nicotine nasal spray introduce both positive and negative effects (e.g., increased head rush, increased tension).
“Similarly, intermediate doses of nicotine nasal spray introduce both positive and negative effects (e.g., increased head rush, increased tension) [43].”
From Acute Effects of Nicotine on Physiological and Subjective Sexual Arousal in Nonsmoking Men: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial (2008) · cites this paper as [43]
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Dose-Related Enhancement of Mood and Cognition in Smokers Administered Nicotine Nasal Spray
Myers, C. S., Taylor, R. C., Moolchan, E. T., & Heishman, S. J. (2008) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301425 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Harte, C. B., & Meston, C. M. (2008) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2007.00637.x · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Unique effects of nicotine across the lifespan
Ren, M., Lotfipour, S., & Leslie, F. (2022) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2022.173343 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
- Authors
- Grobe, J. E., Perkins, K. A., Goettler-Good, J., & Wilson, A.
- Venue
- Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology
- Published
- 1998
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 209-216
- ISSN
- 1936-2293
- 1064-1297
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
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