The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Statistical and Substantive Checking in Growth Mixture Modeling: Comment on Bauer and Curran (2003).
Abstract
This commentary discusses the D. J. Bauer and P. J. Curran (2003) investigation of growth mixture modeling. Single-class modeling of nonnormal outcomes is compared with modeling with multiple latent trajectory classes. New statistical tests of multiple-class models are discussed. Principles for substantive investigation of growth mixture model results are presented and illustrated by an example of high school dropout predicted by low mathematics achievement development in Grades 7-10.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
McLachlan, G., & Peel, D. (2000) · Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics · doi:10.1002/0471721182 · Cited by 10,991
Testing the number of components in a normal mixture
Lo, Y. (2001) · Biometrika · doi:10.1093/biomet/88.3.767 · Cited by 4,640
Beyond SEM: General latent variable modeling
Muthén, B. O. (2002) · Behaviormetrika · doi:10.2333/bhmk.29.81 · Cited by 1,074
Self-citation
Cited by
An Introduction to Latent Class Growth Analysis and Growth Mixture Modeling
Jung, T., & Wickrama, K. A. S. (2008) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00054.x · Cited by 3,181
Spurk, D., Hirschi, A., Wang, M., Valero, D., & Kauffeld, S. (2020) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103445 · Cited by 2,119
Ram, N., & Grimm, K. J. (2009) · International Journal of Behavioral Development · doi:10.1177/0165025409343765 · Cited by 1,143
The GRoLTS-Checklist: Guidelines for Reporting on Latent Trajectory Studies
van de Schoot, R., Sijbrandij, M., Winter, S. D., Depaoli, S., & Vermunt, J. K. (2017) · Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1080/10705511.2016.1247646 · Cited by 721
Multiple-Group Analysis of Similarity in Latent Profile Solutions
Morin, A. J. S., Meyer, J. P., Creusier, J., & Biétry, F. (2016) · Organizational Research Methods · doi:10.1177/1094428115621148 · Cited by 664
Metadata
- Authors
- Muthén, B.
- Venue
- Psychological Methods
- Published
- 2003-09
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 369-377
- ISSN
- 1082-989X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1463
- OpenAlex
- W2094358882
- Cited by
- 690
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 13.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Statistical and Substantive Checking in Growth Mixture Modeling: Comment on Bauer and Curran (2003). https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037/1082-989x.8.3.369
- The paper
- Muthén, B. (2003). Statistical and Substantive Checking in Growth Mixture Modeling: Comment on Bauer and Curran (2003). Psychological Methods. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989x.8.3.369
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.