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Internalized stigma among sexual minority adults: Insights from a social psychological perspective
Abstract
This article describes a social psychological framework for understanding sexual stigma, and it reports data on sexual minority individuals' stigma-related experiences. The framework distinguishes between stigma's manifestations in society's institutions (heterosexism) and among individuals. The latter include enacted sexual stigma (overt negative actions against sexual minorities, such as hate crimes), felt sexual stigma (expectations about the circumstances in which sexual stigma will be enacted), and internalized sexual stigma (personal acceptance of sexual stigma as part of one's value system and self-concept). Drawing from previous research on internalized sexual stigma among heterosexuals (i.e., sexual prejudice), the article considers possible parallels in how sexual minorities experience internalized sexual stigma (i.e., self-stigma, or negative attitudes toward the self). Data are presented from a community sample of lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults (N = 2,259) to illustrate the model's utility for generating and testing hypotheses concerning self-stigma.
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In the citing paper
“BOWS primarily focuses on internalized oppression as the intervention target, which research shows significantly contributes to depression in LGBTQ people [25,27,41,42].”
In the citing paper
“Finally, some LGBTQ young people have internalized negative sociocultural views about themselves, such as viewing their identities as abnormal, immoral, or pathological.”
In the citing paper
“A significant body of evidence has linked LGBTQ-specific internalized oppression and the outcome of depression [25,27,41,42], making it an appropriate target for intervention.”
Citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Casey, L. S., Reisner, S. L., Findling, M. G., Blendon, R. J., Benson, J. M., Sayde, J. M., & Miller, C. (2019) · Health Services Research · doi:10.1111/1475-6773.13229 · Cited by 467
Hall, W. J. (2018) · Journal of Homosexuality · doi:10.1080/00918369.2017.1317467 · Cited by 238
Fredriksen‐Goldsen, K. I., Kim, H., Bryan, A. E. B., Shiu, C. A., & Emlet, C. A. (2016) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gnw170 · Cited by 222
The Stigma of Suicide Survivorship and Related Consequences—A Systematic Review
Hanschmidt, F., Lehnig, F., Riedel-Heller, S. G., & Kersting, A. (2016) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0162688 · Cited by 184
Austin, A., & Goodman, R. (2016) · Journal of Homosexuality · doi:10.1080/00918369.2016.1236587 · Cited by 192
Metadata
- Authors
- Herek, G. M., Gillis, J. R., & Cogan, J. C.
- ORCID
- Gillis, J. Roy
- Venue
- Stigma and Health
- Published
- 2015-08
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- S
- Pages
- 18-34
- ISSN
- 2376-6964 (ISSN-L)
- 2376-6972
- OpenAlex
- W2912182142
- Cited by
- 110
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 7
- FWCI
- 15.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Stigma and Health (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH50185)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Feminist Studies
- Keywords
- self-stigma, sexual minority adults, sexual stigma, heterosexism, sexual prejudice, lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults
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