The DOI matches its Crossref record; 88 of the 91 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Toward a theory of motivational interviewing
Open accessAbstract
The widely disseminated clinical method of motivational interviewing (MI) arose through a convergence of science and practice. Beyond a large base of clinical trials, advances have been made toward "looking under the hood" of MI to understand the underlying mechanisms by which it affects behavior change. Such specification of outcome-relevant aspects of practice is vital to theory development and can inform both treatment delivery and clinical training. An emergent theory of MI is proposed that emphasizes two specific active components: a relational component focused on empathy and the interpersonal spirit of MI, and a technical component involving the differential evocation and reinforcement of client change talk. A resulting causal chain model links therapist training, therapist and client responses during treatment sessions, and posttreatment outcomes.
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In the citing paper
“It is superior to no treatment in decreasing sub stance use in the short term, but its long- term effects appear less robust 221 .”
From Substance use disorders: a comprehensive update of classification, epidemiology, neurobiology, clinical aspects, treatment and prevention (2023) · cites this paper as [221]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Regarding the education method, individual education is more effective than face-to-face or web and mobile phone education.375”
From 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes. (2023) · cites this paper as [375]
In the citing paper
“Adding exercise intervention combined with psychological support to diet recommendations is more effective than diet education alone.375”
From 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes. (2023) · cites this paper as [375]
In the citing paper
“MI is a patient-centered method for enhancing intrinsic motivation to change and facilitating behavior change [110].”
From Positive Psychological Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale, Theoretical Model, and Intervention Development (2015) · cites this paper as [110]
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, it has been utilized for many years to successfully address an incredible variety of health behaviors, including physical activity, diet, and medication adherence [110].”
From Positive Psychological Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale, Theoretical Model, and Intervention Development (2015) · cites this paper as [110]
In the citing paper
“First, it is a patient-centered approach, specifically focused on having patients generate reasons for change and assisting them in resolving ambivalence about changing their behavior.”
From Positive Psychological Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale, Theoretical Model, and Intervention Development (2015) · cites this paper as [110]
In the citing paper
“First, MI can be used with patients at any stage of change, from those who feel that they currently are not motivated to increase their activity to those who are highly motivated to increase activity but have failed on prior attempts [113].”
From Positive Psychological Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale, Theoretical Model, and Intervention Development (2015) · cites this paper as [113]
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, MI itself leads to decreased ambivalence, greater intention to change, and increased feelings of control (pathway C1) [113, 133–137], all of which are consistently associated with greater physical activity (pathway C2) [138–140].”
From Positive Psychological Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale, Theoretical Model, and Intervention Development (2015) · cites this paper as [113]
In the citing paper
“In addition, both MI (pathway D1) [113, 133, 141–145] and the previously described effects of PP on mood, well-being, and optimism (pathway E) [52, 95, 146] are associated with greater self-efficacy, confidence, and motivation, which are in turn linked to physical activity (pathway D2) [139, 147–151].”
From Positive Psychological Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale, Theoretical Model, and Intervention Development (2015) · cites this paper as [113]
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Citations
Cites
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173 · Cited by 91,532
A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance
Morvan, C., & O’Connor, A. (2017) · Macat Library eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781912282432 · Cited by 18,284
Motivational interviewing: preparing people for change.
Miller, W. R., & Rollnick, S. (2002) · Cited by 7,002
Self-citationImplementation intentions: Strong effects of simple plans.
Gollwitzer, P. M. (1999) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.54.7.493 · Cited by 5,478
Bem, D. J. (1972) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60024-6 · Cited by 5,241
(1991) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 4,438
Self-citationKirk, J. M. W., MacDonald, A., Lavender, P., Dean, J. M., & Rubin, G. (2017) · Biomedicine Hub · doi:10.1159/000480347 · Cited by 3,902
Self-perception: An alternative interpretation of cognitive dissonance phenomena.
Bem, D. J. (1967) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0024835 · Cited by 2,959
Motivational Interviewing: Preparing People for Change, 2nd ed.
Miller, W., & Rollnick, S. (2003) · Journal For Healthcare Quality · doi:10.1097/01445442-200305000-00013 · Cited by 2,634
Self-citation(1997) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.1997.58.7 · Cited by 1,905
Flagged first, then by citations
3 of the 91 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- Arkowitz H Westra HA Miller WR Rollnick S Motivational interviewing in treating psychological problems 2008 New York Guilford Press
- Aubrey LL Motivational interviewing with adolescents presenting for outpatient substance abuse treatment Unpublished Doctoral dissertation 1998 Albuquerque University of New Mexico
- Longabaugh R Wirtz PW Project MATCH hypotheses: Results and causal chain analyses 2001 Vol. Project MATCH Monograph Series, Vol. 8 Bethesda, Maryland National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
- Miller WR Muñoz RF Controlling your drinking 2005 New York Guilford Press
- Miller WR Zweben A DiClemente CC Rychtarik RC Motivational Enhancement Therapy manual: A clinical research guide for therapists treating individuals with alcohol abuse and dependence 1992 Vol. Project MATCH Monograph Series, Vol. 2 Rockville, Maryland National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
- Rollnick S Miller WR Butler CC Motivational interviewing in health care 2008 New York Guilford Press
Cited by
Sorted by citations
2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice
Visseren, F. L. J., Mach, F., Smulders, Y. M., Carballo, D., Koskinas, K. C., Bäck, M., Benetos, A., Biffi, A., Boavida, J.-M., Capodanno, D., et al. (2021) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab484 · Cited by 6,485
2023 ESC guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes.
Marx, N., Federici, M., Schütt, K., Müller-Wieland, D., Ajjan, R. A., Antunes, M. J., Christodorescu, R. M., Crawford, C., Di Angelantonio, E., Eliasson, B., et al. (2023) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad192 · Cited by 1,642
A Meta-Analysis of Motivational Interviewing: Twenty-Five Years of Empirical Studies
Lundahl, B. W., Kunz, C., Brownell, C., Tollefson, D., & Burke, B. L. (2010) · Research on Social Work Practice · doi:10.1177/1049731509347850 · Cited by 1,086
Lundahl, B., Moleni, T., Burke, B. L., Butters, R., Tollefson, D., Butler, C., & Rollnick, S. (2013) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2013.07.012 · Cited by 909
Hayes, S. C., Villatte, M., Levin, M., & Hildebrandt, M. (2011) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032210-104449 · Cited by 800
Metadata
- Authors
- Miller, W. R., & Rose, G. S.
- Affiliations
- University of New Mexico (US)
- William James College (US)
- Venue
- American Psychologist
- Published
- 2009
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 527-537
- ISSN
- 0003-066X (ISSN-L)
- 1935-990X
- PMC
- PMC2759607
- OpenAlex
- W1985386799
- Cited by
- 1,603
- References
- 91
- Citations by year
- 2026: 41 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 90 · 2022: 114 · 2021: 108 · 2020: 139 · 2019: 93 · 2018: 94 · 2017: 95 · 2016: 113 · 2015: 118 · 2014: 120 · 2013: 117 · 2012: 112
- FWCI
- 88.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Psychologist (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (K05-AA00133)
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (049533)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (U10-DA01583)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Keywords
- motivational interviewing, theory development, behavior change, empathy, change talk, therapist training, interpersonal processes, clinical teaching
- MeSH terms
- Alcoholism, Counseling, Humans, Models, Psychological, Motivation, Substance-Related Disorders
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