Refinements in the hierarchical structure of externalizing psychiatric disorders: Patterns of lifetime liability from mid-adolescence through early adulthood.

Research on hierarchical modeling of psychopathology has frequently identified two higher-order latent factors, “internalizing” and “externalizing.” When based on the comorbidity of psychiatric diagnoses, the externalizing domain has usually been modeled as a single latent factor. Multivariate st…