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Self-esteem development from age 14 to 30 years: A longitudinal study.
Open accessAbstract
We examined the development of self-esteem in adolescence and young adulthood. Data came from the Young Adults section of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, which includes 8 assessments across a 14-year period of a national probability sample of 7,100 individuals age 14 to 30 years. Latent growth curve analyses indicated that self-esteem increases during adolescence and continues to increase more slowly in young adulthood. Women and men did not differ in their self-esteem trajectories. In adolescence, Hispanics had lower self-esteem than Blacks and Whites, but the self-esteem of Hispanics subsequently increased more strongly, so that at age 30 Blacks and Hispanics had higher self-esteem than Whites. At each age, emotionally stable, extraverted, and conscientious individuals experienced higher self-esteem than emotionally unstable, introverted, and less conscientious individuals. Moreover, at each age, high sense of mastery, low risk taking, and better health predicted higher self-esteem. Finally, the results suggest that normative increase in sense of mastery accounts for a large proportion of the normative increase in self-esteem.
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“Studies show the positive effect of ACT on increasing self-esteem in adolescents with stuttering [16], reducing depression in women after experiencing their first delivery [17], and promoting adolescent mental health [18].”
From The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Group Therapy on the Self-esteem of Girls With Visual Impairment. (2022) · cites this paper as [16]
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“The literature has shown that young people tend to declare lower levels of religiosity (Argue et al. 1999), gratitude (Chopik et al. 2019), and self-esteem (Erol and Orth 2011).”
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“Moreover, impression management tends to be a more serious threat to the validity of self-report results than self-deception (Vispoel & Tao, 2013).”
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“Kebutuhan akan harga diri pada masa remaja dianggap penting dan dibutuhkan oleh remaja yang sedang dalam masa tumbuh kembang, oleh karena itu harga diri cenderung meningkat serta berubah secara signifikan di masa remaja daripada di masa dewasa muda (Erol & Orth, 2011).”
BackgroundEkawardhani, N. P., Mar’at, S., & Sahrani, R. (2019) · Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora, dan Seni · doi:10.24912/jmishumsen.v3i1.3538 · Cited by 6
Bakhshi, S., Montazeri, N., & Nazari, B. (2017) · doi:10.5742/mewfm.2017.93015 · Cited by 6
“(1) Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran (2) Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran (3) Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences,…”
BackgroundGüleç, H., & Ayaz, C. Ö. (2017) · doi:10.14686/buefad.290240 · Cited by 6
The Effect of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) on Increasing Self-Esteem in Female Students
Baratian, A., salimi, A., Moghim, F., Shakarami, M., & Davarniya, R. (2016) · Pizhūhish-i parastārī/Pizhūhish-i parastārī · doi:10.21859/ijnr-110407 · Cited by 6
Parental Bonding, Self-Esteem and Theory of Mind Among Locals and Immigrants
Passanisi, A., Gensabella, A., & Pirrone, C. (2015) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.547 · Cited by 6
“…at any age, emotionally stable, extraverted and conscientious individuals experienced higher self-esteem than emotionally unstable, introverted and less conscientious individuals; low risk taking, high sense of mastery and better physical health predicted higher selfesteem (Erol & Orth, 2011).”
BackgroundStudy on the Self-evaluation of Self-esteem among Young Adults
Păunescu, C., Pițigoi, G., Gagea, G., & Paunescu, M. (2014) · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.02.286 · Cited by 6
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Kaynak, D., Irgit, Y., & Çakmak, S. (2022) · Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar · doi:10.18863/pgy.1009942 · Cited by 6
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Kaya, A., Karataş, N., & İşler, A. (2023) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2023.06.007 · Cited by 4
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“With regards to levels of self-esteem, previous research has concluded that selfesteem remains stable during adolescence (Birkeland et al., 2012), with no influence of sex emerging (Erol & Orth, 2011).”
MethodTrang, D. T., & Yates, T. M. (2022) · Family Process · doi:10.1111/famp.12825 · Cited by 6
Association of Social Anxiety Disorder and Self-Esteem among Young Adults – A Single Centre Study
Roshan, S. (2022) · International Journal of Current Science Research and Review · doi:10.47191/ijcsrr/v5-i3-17 · Cited by 5
Geng, J., Bao, L., Wang, J., Wei, X., Zeng, P., & Lei, L. (2022) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.106362 · Cited by 5
Ojala, K., Huotari, P., Villberg, J. J., & Tynjälä, J. (2021) · Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.5334/paah.107 · Cited by 12
Költő, A., Gavin, A., Vaughan, E., Kelly, C. N. M., Molcho, M., & Gabhainn, S. N. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18031118 · Cited by 7
“An increasing corpus of evidence shows that positive psycho-social determinants such as connectedness (family, peer, and school support) [7–9], self-esteem [10,11], volunteer work and community engagement [12], or perceived freedom [13] are related to better health outcomes.”
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“The financial condition may influence the self-esteem of an individual.[18] People with high self-esteem would be able to deal with difficulties better compared to people with low self-esteem.”
BackgroundTrajectories of self-esteem in extremely low birth weight survivors through adulthood
Poole, K. L., Schmidt, L. A., Saigal, S., Boyle, M. H., Morrison, K. M., & Lieshout, R. J. V. (2018) · Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2018.02.003 · Cited by 5
The Career Maturity of 4-H Healthy Lifestyles Program Participants
Dodd, C., Odom, S., & Boleman, C. (2014) · doi:10.5195/jyd.2014.48 · Cited by 5
Engel, J., & Yusuf, S. (2013) · doi:10.17509/ije.v7i1.5304 · Cited by 5
Školní klima na školách poskytujících střední vzdělání s výučním listem
Kantorová, J. (2015) · doi:10.5507/pdf.15.24447995 · Cited by 4
Narrative Agency and Communion as Predictors of Trait and State Self‐Esteem Dynamics
Guðmundsdóttir, G. R., de Moor, E. L., & Reitz, A. K. (2025) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.70000 · Cited by 3
“Moreover, average increases in self-esteem in young adulthood appear to be largely driven by normative increases in perceived control (an indicator of mastery; Erol and Orth 2011).”
Neural basis of self-esteem: social cognitive and emotional regulation insights
Aki, M., Shibata, M., Fujita, Y., Spantios, M., Kobayashi, K., Ueno, T., Miyagi, T., Yoshimura, S., Oishi, N., Murai, T., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2025.1588567 · Cited by 6
Aghatabay, R., Vaezi, A., Mahmoodabad, S. M., Rahimi, M., Fallahzadeh, H., & Alizade, S. (2023) · Psychology in the schools (Print) · doi:10.1002/pits.22910 · Cited by 4
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Sălceanu, C. (2022) · Postmodern Openings · doi:10.18662/po/13.2/470 · Cited by 3
“Furthermore, longitudinal studies show that emotionally stable extraverted and conscientious people experience higher self-esteem and selfacceptance than their opposites (Erol & Orth, 2011).”
BackgroundReligiosity and US adolescents’ well‐being: The moderating role of trait reactance
Russell, C. A., & Alderman, J. (2022) · Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion · doi:10.1111/jssr.12789 · Cited by 4
Measuring levels of self-esteem of students with visual impairments in regular schools in Tanzania
Kapinga, O., & Aloni, M. (2021) · The British Journal of Visual Impairment · doi:10.1177/02646196211051685 · Cited by 4
“Erol and Orth (2011) Argue that low self-esteem among teenage years and young adulthood is a threat for negative consequences in significant life domains.”
BackgroundPortuguese Cyber Victims’ Self-Esteem and Gender in Young Adulthood
Fernandes, L. M., Diniz, R. D., Almeida, T. C., Neves, A. C., & Brito, J. (2021) · Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma · doi:10.1080/10926771.2021.1970674 · Cited by 4
Dukungan Sosial dan Penerimaan Diri Penderita Pascastroke
Khairani, M., Selvi, A., & Sari, K. (2021) · INSAN Jurnal Psikologi dan Kesehatan Mental · doi:10.20473/jpkm.v6i12021.53-62 · Cited by 4
Peranan mediasi orang tua terhadap kecanduan internet pada remaja: Harga diri sebagai mediator
Pratiwi, R., & Afiatin, T. (2021) · Jurnal Psikologi Sosial · doi:10.7454/jps.2021.08 · Cited by 5
“Masa remaja merupakan masa kritis dalam perkembangan harga diri, karena remaja mengalami perubahan harga diri yang lebih cepat daripada kelompok usia lain (Erol & Orth, 2011).”
BackgroundChusniyah, T., Wildyarti, R. Y., Danyalin, A. M., & Shodiq, A. F. (2021) · KnE Social Sciences · doi:10.18502/kss.v4i15.8203 · Cited by 2
“A study (Trzesniewski et al., 2006, as cited in Erol & Orth, 2011) showed that individuals with low self-esteem in their adolescence have the inclination towards physical and mental health issues, economic difficulties, delinquent behaviours, antisocial behaviours, eating disorders, suicidal…”
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“Furthermore, although self-esteem is generally low in adolescence, it tends to increase in emerging adulthood as youth’s self-knowledge and self-appreciation improve (Erol & Orth, 2011; Wagner et al., 2013).”
BackgroundKhadri, F. A., Gopinath, V., Hector, M., & Davenport, E. (2020) · Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry · doi:10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_422_19 · Cited by 4
“Previous studies have shown similar results.[10,31]”
Parenting Styles in Relation to Self-Esteem and School Performance of Senior High Students
Arcay, N. M., Calope, R. M. L., & Libot, B. D. (2019) · University of Bohol Multidisciplinary Research Journal · doi:10.15631/ub.mrj.v7i0.121 · Cited by 5
“One study affirmed the conclusion that self-esteem increased throughout adolescence and added that the gender variable does not affect the adolescence period (Erol & Orth, 2011).”
BackgroundPsychotic experiences and trauma predict persistence of psychosocial problems in adolescence
el Bouhaddani, S., van Domburgh, L., Schaefer, B., DORELEIJERS, T. A. H., & Veling, W. (2019) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-019-01321-9 · Cited by 7
Self-Esteem Siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Negeri Se-Kota Yogyakarta
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“Formed mainly in adolescence, one’s self-esteem continues to be formed and shaped, albeit more moderately, in an ongoing process after adolescence and during the period of emerging adulthood (Erol & Orth, 2011; Lam & Lefkowitz, 2016).”
BackgroundSELF ESTEEM, RELIGIOSITY, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Arshad, T., & Uzair, Z. (2017) · PJPPRP · doi:10.62663/pjpprp.v8i1.78 · Cited by 4
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“Global self-esteem increases through adolescence and continues to increase (albeit more slowly) through the twenties [15].”
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“Results reported by other researchers in the field, seem to confirm this [14,15].”
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Csibi, S., & Csibi, M. (2013) · doi:10.1556/mental.14.2013.3.5 · Cited by 4
Hashemifardnia, A., & Kooti, M. (2025) · English Education Journal · doi:10.24815/eej.v16i2.45696 · Cited by 4
Change in Self-Esteem Trajectories Among Adolescents and Adults with Intellectual Disabilities
Park, E. (2025) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs15050655 · Cited by 5
“…promote healthy self-esteem by identifying the major factors that improve or worsen self-esteem, previous research included longitudinal studies investigating changes in self-esteem and describing its patterns in general population (Baldwin & Hoffmann, 2002; Erol & Orth, 2011; Greene & Way, 2005).”
InfluentialValverde, N. C., Leiva, J. C., & Mora-Esquivel, R. (2024) · Management Research The Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management · doi:10.1108/mrjiam-10-2023-1466 · Cited by 4
Rauer, A. J., Jager, J., & Vuolo, M. (2024) · Research in Human Development · doi:10.1080/15427609.2024.2330284 · Cited by 3
“We restructured the data to be organized by age, which is the standard approach with cohort-sequential designs (i.e., where a range of cohorts are assessed at each assessment; Bollen & Curran, 2006; Erol & Orth, 2011; Little & Rhemtulla, 2013; L. K. Muthén & Muthén, 2017; Pardini et al., 2008).”
Sawyerr, A., & Adam-Bagley, C. (2023) · Children · doi:10.3390/children10020276 · Cited by 3
“Erol and Orth [18] gave results from their own study of 7100 Americans systematically tracked from ages 14 to 30.”
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“Among adolescents, high self-esteem was found to be a protective factor against risk-taking behaviours such as cigarette smoking, substance abuse, and sexual activity (Erol & Orth, 2011; Jackman & MacPhee, 2017).”
BackgroundShirima, C. M., Naudé, L., & Esterhuyse, K. G. F. (2021) · International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance · doi:10.1007/s10775-020-09456-x · Cited by 17
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“Erol and Orth (2011) found a positive relationship between self-esteem and physical health in adolescence, where adolescents with higher self-esteem showed better health.”
BackgroundBullock, A. (2017) · Carleton University's Institutional Repository (MacOdrum Library, Carleton University) · doi:10.22215/etd/2017-12012 · Cited by 3
“…higher levels of self-esteem than adolescent girls (Derdikman-Eiron et al., 2011; Khanlou, 2004; Kling, Hyde, Showers, & Buswell, 1999; Moksnes & Espnes 2012; Moksnes, Moljord, Espnes, & Byrne, 2010), although some studies have found no gender differences (Erol & Orth, 2011; Laible et al., 2004).”
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“Self-esteem fluctuates considerably during the transition from childhood to adolescence and tends to stabilize thereafter [48].”
Bravo-Sanzana, M., Terán-Mendoza, O., Miranda, R., Oriol, X., Varela, J. J., & Mieres-Chacaltana, M. (2025) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su17219482 · Cited by 2
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“…family environment is a crucial factor in the development of self ‐ esteem in children and adolescents (Chung 2013; Harter 2015; Lim 2013), especially considering that self ‐ esteem tends to decrease (Erol and Orth 2011) and emotional distress increases (Costello et al. 2011) during adolescence.”
Modeling Heterogeneity in the Long-Term Trajectories of Individuals’ Well-Being
Wollast, R., Phillips, J. B., Bracegirdle, C., Spiegler, O., Sibley, C. G., Lacourse, É., & Sengupta, N. K. (2025) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/01461672251331654 · Cited by 1
“…found that life satisfaction and positive and negative affect tend to fluctuate over time (Buecker et al., 2023; FitzRoy & Nolan, 2020; Gadermann & Zumbo, 2007), while self-esteem may increase in adolescence and young adulthood but decline in old age (Erol & Orth, 2011; Orth et al., 2015, 2018).”
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Encorporado, M. V., Razonable, S. Y., ABABON, J. B., Pasilang, B., Regulacion, M. P., & Sasan, R. A. A. (2023) · Journal of Learning and Development Studies · doi:10.32996/jlds.2023.3.3.3 · Cited by 4
“A study of latent growth curves indicates that self-esteem typically develops during youth and middle adulthood, peaks at age 60, and then declines in old age (Lyubomirsky et al., 2006; Smokowski et al., 2014; Mirjalili et al., 2011; Erol & Orth, 2011).”
BackgroundVolunteering in the Creation of Entrepreneurship
Ma, D., & Wang, C. (2023) · Social Forces · doi:10.1093/sf/soad132 · Cited by 2
Human capital, self-esteem, and income inequality
Gradstein, M., & Ventura, L. (2023) · Journal of Economic Growth · doi:10.1007/s10887-023-09235-7 · Cited by 2
“In fact, a large body of research in developmental psychology (see e.g., Erol and Orth, 2011; Orth et al., 2010, 2012) documents that self-esteem is shaped and evolves in the course of adolescence, becoming relatively much more stable later on in life.”
Utami, K., Muliasari, E. A., Firizki, C. S. F., Surastri, N., Hidayat, S., & Babu, S. (2022) · Jurnal Kependidikan Jurnal Hasil Penelitian dan Kajian Kepustakaan di Bidang Pendidikan Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran · doi:10.33394/jk.v8i2.5106 · Cited by 2
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Canzi, E., Parise, M., Rosnati, R. R., Scabini, E., & Manzi, C. (2021) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1177/21676968211052751 · Cited by 1
“Indeed, parenting could be considered in the long term as an opportunity to master the challenges associated with parenting and to consequently experience a sense of control over the self, which may lead to increased self-esteem (Erol & Orth, 2011; Robins & Trzesniewski, 2005).”
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Gál, É., & Szamosközi, I. (2021) · Journal of Individual Differences · doi:10.1027/1614-0001/a000344 · Cited by 2
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“In one study, both boys and girls had high self-esteem in childhood, but their self-esteem dropped considerably in early adolescence (Erol & Orth, 2011).”
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“Studies of self-esteem development have found that individuals’ self-esteem fluctuates throughout the lifespan (Erol & Orth, 2011; Orth, Robins, & Widaman, 2012).”
BackgroundLogo Counseling for Low Spiritual Self-Esteem Among College Students
Engel, J. D., & Loekmono, L. (2018) · International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) · doi:10.11591/ijere.v7i3.13776 · Cited by 2
“The causal factors of low spiritual self-esteem are negative life experience, negative core beliefs, negative self-assumptions, expectation bias, negative self-evaluation, and self-distrust [1][23], explained as [24,25]: (1) Negative life experience of the past is the inability to address problems and events that have…”
BackgroundParenting and Its Role in the Development of Self-Esteem in Adolescents
Tripathi, N., & Pandey, S. (2018) · International Journal of Indian Psychology · doi:10.25215/0603.004 · Cited by 4
“It was expected that self-esteem development would continuously increase during adolescence as previous studies' reported (Erol & Orth, 2011).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialCaracterísticas psicológicas de los agresores de pareja jóvenes
Jiménez, M. J. H. (2014) · Revista sobre la infancia y la adolescencia · doi:10.4995/reinad.2014.3338 · Cited by 3
Camouflaging in Autism Spectrum Conditions in the Context of Self-Esteem Level
Kossewska, J., & Milczarek, M. (2022) · Psychologia Rozwojowa · doi:10.4467/20843879pr.22.012.17469 · Cited by 4
Rhodes, M. (2020) · doi:10.26076/jagk-5339 · Cited by 2
“Emerging adulthood represents a time of significant growth in both abilities and evaluations of their abilities across different ethnicities and across genders (Erol & Orth, 2011).”
BackgroundThe Role of Self-Confidence in the Criteria of Aesthetic Labour Recruitment
Tsai, C.-W. (2019) · International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management in the Digital Age · doi:10.4018/ijthmda.2019010101 · Cited by 2
Mental Health Problems and Self-Esteem among the Schoolchildren of Secondary School in Dharan
Poudel, K., Dangol, B. K., & Shrestha, R. (2019) · Journal of Advanced Academic Research · doi:10.3126/jaar.v6i1.35365 · Cited by 2
“Low selfesteem during adolescence predicts poorer mental and physical health, worse economic wellbeing, and higher levels of criminal activity in young adulthood (Erol & Orth, 2011)”
BackgroundSakač, M., & Marić, M. (2018) · Zbornik Instituta za pedagoska istrazivanja · doi:10.2298/zipi1801093s · Cited by 2
“Што особа има развијеније самопоштовање и позитивније доживљава себе, биће задовољнија, спокојнија, спремнија да се носи са тешкоћама и последично ће имати виши ниво субјективног благостања (erol & orth, 2011; heatherton & Wiland, 2003; robins, hendin & trzesniewski, 2001).”
Correlation of Shyness towards Self-Esteem on High School Students in Bulukumba
Wulandari, R., & Ridfah, A. (2017) · doi:10.2991/icaaip-17.2018.25 · Cited by 2
“Erol and Ulrich study the development of selfesteem from adolescence to early adulthood in between age 14 and 30 years which indicate that self-esteem during adolescence will continue to rise slowly until early adulthood [5].”
BackgroundSelbstwert und Selbstvertrauen
Jünemann, A.-K. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-48014-4_17 · Cited by 6
Emotional Stability and Self-Esteem as Mediators Between Mindfulness and Happiness
Bajaj, B., Gupta, R., & Sengupta, S. (2018) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-018-0046-4 · Cited by 86
Family-Valued and Personally Important Posttraumatic Growth in American and Japanese Adolescents
McDiarmid, L., & Taku, K. (2016) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-016-0565-8 · Cited by 8
Ригидно осмисляне и психично здраве във възникваща зрелост
Papazova, E. B., & Alexandrova‐Karamanova, A. (2019) · Psychological Thought · doi:10.5964/psyct.v12i1.338 · Cited by 5
Yue, T., Luo, H., Wang, H., & Bi, C. (2026) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/00220221261441182 · Cited by 1
“This developmental trajectory aligns with the conclusions of Erol and Orth (2011), who emphasized that early adolescent self-development is more shaped by proximal influences such as parenting styles, school norms, and peer pressures (Collins & Laursen, 2004).”
Lafond-Brina, G., & Bonnefond, A. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.03.10.25323681 · Cited by 1
“On the contrary, the non-stability over time, contexts and cultures for self-esteem and depressive symptoms has been confirmed by several studies (Erol and Orth, 2011; Ettman et al., 2020; Medda et al., 2022; Orth et al., 2018).”
Seng, T., Lee, E., & Choi, M. J. (2024) · Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10560-024-00978-9 · Cited by 1
“A longitudinal study demonstrates that self-esteem increases during adolescence but differs by race (Erol & Orth, 2011).”
Marubu, J. M., Muiru, A., & Kirimi, J. (2024) · Journal of Research Innovation and Implications in Education · doi:10.59765/pbvgy5296 · Cited by 1
Sajovic, J., Drevenšek, G., Plut, A., Eberlinc, A., Vrabec, M. K., Lesjak, A. S., Selič-Zupančič, P., & Drevenšek, M. (2024) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.110738 · Cited by 1
“No prior association was established between conscientiousness and satisfaction with appearance in individuals born with a cleft, even though conscientiousness has been linked to improved health outcomes 36–38 and enhanced self-esteem 39,40 in broader populations.”
BackgroundMODEL OF PREDICTING ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS AMONG TEACHERS
Lukic, V. R., Marić, M., & Branković, N. (2024) · International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge · doi:10.37335/ijek.v12i1.216 · Cited by 1
“Individuals with a favorable self-assessment and a positive self-concept are inclined towards heightened accomplishments across various domains (Bandura, 1997; Erol & Orth, 2011; Graziano et al., 1997; Le et al., 2023; Maheshwari & Kha, 2022; Robins et al., 2001; Sušanj et al., 2015).”
BackgroundInfluentialEstlein, R., Smadar‐Dror, R., & Winstok, Z. (2024) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare12030389 · Cited by 2
“…most of that research assessed participants’ global evaluation of their self-esteem [31], although studies suggest it can change over the years [35] such that it tends to increase during young adulthood and in midlife, then reaches its peak at age 60–70, and then sharply decreases in late…”
BackgroundGünaydın, Y., & Uzdıl, N. (2023) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1111/jcap.12422 · Cited by 3
Kuśpit, M., & Tychmanowicz, A. (2022) · Przegląd Badań Edukacyjnych · doi:10.12775/pbe.2022.006 · Cited by 1
“…are consistent with previous findings showing that people with high self-esteem are more conscientious (Pullmann & Allik, 2000; Robins et al., 2001; Erol & Orth, 2011; Szpitalak & Polczyk, 2015), although some other authors (Paszkowska-Rogacz & Poraj, 2017) have found no significant associations…”
ResultThe Invisible Curriculum’s Influence on Youth’s Self-Identity and Self-Esteem Development
Nyamai, D. (2022) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2022.583180 · Cited by 1
Júnior, W. P., Trierweiller, A. C., Pereira, V. L. D. D. V., Vincenzi, S. L., de Andrade, D. F., Bornia, A. C., & Vefago, Y. B. (2022) · Ensaios e Ciência C Biológicas Agrárias e da Saúde · doi:10.17921/1415-6938.2022v26n1p55-64 · Cited by 1
“Erol and Orth (2011) examined the development of selfesteem in adolescence and young adults.”
BackgroundParents’ Psychological Well-being and Story Reading: A Six Year Cross-Lagged Analysis
Chen, E. Y.-J., & Tung, E. (2022) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-022-02272-7 · Cited by 1
“Research has found significant correlations between measures of depressive symptoms, self-esteem, and global sense of personal control (Erol & Orth, 2011; Sowislo & Orth, 2013).”
BackgroundResultCadena, C. H. G., Daniel, L., Adrián Valle de la, O., Díaz, H. L., Saucedo, L. K. C., & Téllez, A. (2021) · Acción Psicológica · doi:10.5944/ap.17.1.25221 · Cited by 2
“In turn, Erol and Orth (2011) reported that high self-esteem seems to be more likely among individuals with a high sense of mastery, low risk taking, and better health.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Erol, R. Y., & Orth, U.
- Affiliations
- University of Basel (CH)
- ORCID
- Orth, Ulrich
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 2011-09
- Volume
- 101
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 607-619
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W2120866231
- Cited by
- 474
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 27.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Bern Open Repository and Information System (University of Bern) (submittedVersion)
- Open Access CRIS of the University of Bern
- Funders
- Swiss National Science Foundation (PP00P1-123370)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Identity, Memory, and Therapy
- Keywords
- self-esteem development, adolescence, early adulthood, gender differences, racial and ethnic differences, Latino youth, emotional stability, extraversion, conscientiousness, sense of mastery, risk-taking, personality traits
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Conscience, Ethnicity, Extraversion, Psychological, Female, Health Status, Humans, Human Development, Internal-External Control, Introversion, Psychological, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Personality, Risk-Taking, Self Concept, Socioeconomic Factors, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution, Young Adult
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