The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Using I³ theory to clarify when dispositional aggressiveness predicts intimate partner violence perpetration.
Abstract
Deriving hypotheses from I³ theory (pronounced "I-cubed theory"), the authors conducted 4 studies to clarify the circumstances under which dispositional aggressiveness predicts intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration. Consistent with the hypothesis that this link would be stronger when inhibitory processes are weak rather than strong, Studies 1 and 2 demonstrated that dispositional aggressiveness was an especially robust predictor of IPV perpetration among people experiencing self-regulatory strength depletion. Consistent with the hypothesis that this Dispositional Aggressiveness × Inhibition interaction effect would be stronger when instigating triggers are strong rather than weak, Studies 3 and 4 demonstrated that dispositional aggressiveness was an especially robust predictor of IPV perpetration among people characterized by both weak inhibition (poor executive control in Study 3, depletion in Study 4) and strong instigation (provocation in both studies). These effects were robust in studies employing experimental and nonexperimental designs, cross-sectional and longitudinal methods, dating and married participants, self-report and behavioral measures of IPV perpetration, and diverse operationalizations of all constructs. Discussion emphasizes the importance of incorporating instigating, impelling, and inhibiting processes into theoretical and empirical analyses of IPV perpetration.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“alcohol use is a well-documented risk and instigatory factor for dating aggression (Finkel et al., 2012; Rothman, McNaughton Reyes, et al., 2012; Shorey, Stuart, & Cornelius, 2011).”
From Understanding the Role of Alcohol, Anxiety, and Trait Mindfulness in the Perpetration of Physical and Sexual Dating Violence in Emerging Adults. (2018) · cites this paper as Finkel et al., 2012
In the citing paper
“Consequently, the likelihood of aggression is highest when instigating and impelling factors are high and inhibiting factors are low (Finkel et al., 2012).”
From Understanding the Role of Alcohol, Anxiety, and Trait Mindfulness in the Perpetration of Physical and Sexual Dating Violence in Emerging Adults. (2018) · cites this paper as Finkel et al., 2012
In the citing paper
“This theory states that instigating, impelling, and inhibiting factors explain interactions that escalate to partner violence (Finkel et al., 2012).”
From Understanding the Role of Alcohol, Anxiety, and Trait Mindfulness in the Perpetration of Physical and Sexual Dating Violence in Emerging Adults. (2018) · cites this paper as Finkel et al., 2012
In the citing paper
“mindfulness could be considered an inhibitory factor.”
From Understanding the Role of Alcohol, Anxiety, and Trait Mindfulness in the Perpetration of Physical and Sexual Dating Violence in Emerging Adults. (2018) · cites this paper as Finkel et al., 2012
In the citing paper
“This is consistent with the I-Cubed theory (Finkel et al., 2012) and research, in which acute alcohol use reduces inhibition, increasing the likelihood of cue interpretation as aggressive, and responding with instigatory cues”
From Understanding the Role of Alcohol, Anxiety, and Trait Mindfulness in the Perpetration of Physical and Sexual Dating Violence in Emerging Adults. (2018) · cites this paper as Finkel et al., 2012
Citations
Cites
Miyake, A., Friedman, N. P., Emerson, M. J., Witzki, A. H., Howerter, A., & Wager, T. D. (2000) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1006/cogp.1999.0734 · Cited by 15,798
Controlled and automatic human information processing: I. Detection, search, and attention.
Schneider, W., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1977) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.84.1.1 · Cited by 5,902
Kessler, R. C., & Üstün, T. B. (2004) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.168 · Cited by 4,771
Self-regulation and depletion of limited resources: Does self-control resemble a muscle?
Muraven, M., & Baumeister, R. F. (2000) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.126.2.247 · Cited by 4,510
Ego depletion and the strength model of self-control: a meta-analysis
Hagger, M. S., Wood, C., Stiff, C., & Chatzisarantis, N. L. D. (2010) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0019486 · Cited by 2,265
Further evidence for the validity of the Taylor Aggression Paradigm
Giancola, P. R., & Parrott, D. J. (2008) · Aggressive Behavior · doi:10.1002/ab.20235 · Cited by 218
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Everyday temptations: an experience sampling study of desire, conflict, and self-control
Hofmann, W., Baumeister, R. F., Förster, G., & Vohs, K. D. (2012) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0026545 · Cited by 986
Birkley, E. L., & Eckhardt, C. I. (2015) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2015.01.002 · Cited by 325
“Theoretically, the greatest likelihood for IPV would occur when instigation and impellance processes are strong and inhibitory processes are weak, previously described as “perfect storm” conditions (Finkel et al., 2012; Finkel & Eckhardt, 2013).”
BackgroundMethodThe Suffocation of Marriage: Climbing Mount Maslow Without Enough Oxygen
Finkel, E. J., Hui, C. M., Carswell, K. L., & Larson, G. M. (2014) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1080/1047840x.2014.863723 · Cited by 331
“…per se, spouses whose psychological resources are intact rather than depleted tend to behave in relationship-constructive ways (Buck & Neff, 2012; Finkel & Campbell, 2001; Finkel et al., 2012), presum-ablybecausethedepletionleavesthemwithinsufficientabilityormotivationtoinvestintheirrelationship.”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe Psychology of Close Relationships: Fourteen Core Principles
Finkel, E. J., Simpson, J. A., & Eastwick, P. W. (2016) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010416-044038 · Cited by 370
Self-citationDelamain, C., & Spring, J. (2018) · London’s Global Office Economy · doi:10.2307/j.ctt7rhhm.12 · Cited by 187
Metadata
- Authors
- Finkel, E. J., DeWall, C. N., Slotter, E. B., McNulty, J. K., Pond, R. S., & Atkins, D. C.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- University of Kentucky (US)
- Villanova University (US)
- University of Tennessee at Knoxville (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 2012-03
- Volume
- 102
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 533-549
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W2107978776
- Cited by
- 178
- References
- 83
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 8.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (BCS-719780)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Keywords
- intimate partner violence, violence perpetration, inhibitory control, provocation, incitement, executive function, dating violence, married couples
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Aggression, Female, Humans, Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Marriage, Models, Psychological, Personality Inventory, Temperament, Domestic Violence, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
