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Exploring the relationship between work-related rumination, sleep quality, and work-related fatigue
Abstract
This study examined the association among three conceptualizations of work-related rumination (affective rumination, problem-solving pondering, and detachment) with sleep quality and work-related fatigue. It was hypothesized that affective rumination and poor sleep quality would be associated with increased fatigue and that problem-solving pondering and detachment would be associated with decreased fatigue. The mediating effect of sleep quality on the relationship between work-related rumination and fatigue was also tested. An online questionnaire was completed by a heterogeneous sample of 719 adult workers in diverse occupations. The following variables were entered as predictors in a regression model: affective rumination, problem-solving pondering, detachment, and sleep quality. The dependent variables were chronic work-related fatigue (CF) and acute work-related fatigue (AF). Affective rumination was the strongest predictor of increased CF and AF. Problem-solving pondering was a significant predictor of decreased CF and AF. Poor sleep quality was predictive of increased CF and AF. Detachment was significantly negatively predictive for AF. Sleep quality partially mediated the relationship between affective rumination and fatigue and between problem-solving pondering and fatigue. Work-related affective rumination appears more detrimental to an individual's ability to recover from work than problem-solving pondering. In the context of identifying mechanisms by which demands at work are translated into ill-health, this appears to be a key finding and suggests that it is the type of work-related rumination, not rumination per se, that is important.
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“In turn, rumination, that is, “conscious thoughts that revolve around a common instrumental theme and that recur in the absence of immediate environmental demands requiring [those] thoughts” ([15], p. 7), has been shown to be linked to several indicators of impaired well-being and health [22,23,24].”
From Ovsiankina's Great Relief: How Supplemental Work during the Weekend May Contribute to Recovery in the Face of Unfinished Tasks (2017) · cites this paper as [24]
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“The association between poor sleep and work-related rumination has also been supported (Querstret & Cropley, 2012).”
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“…with high levels of affective rumination tend to experience more emotional exhaustion (Flaxman et al., 2018), produce more feelings of weariness or spiritless (Querstret and Cropley, 2012), worsen depression (Vandevala et al., 2017), and reduce executive function (Cropley et al., 2016).”
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“Conversely, recovery outside of work can be hindered by work-related rumination (Querstret & Cropley, 2012).”
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“Affective rumination refers to conscious and repeated negative thoughts related to work, which usually occur after work or during leisure time and other non-working hours (Querstret and Cropley, 2012).”
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“…understanding of the processes related to winding down when away from the workplace, as increased work-related rumination has long been associated with lower mental functioning skills, and negative strain or well-being outcomes for employees (Cropley et al., 2012; Quarstret & Cropley, 2012).”
BackgroundAsadullah, M. A., Aslam, M., Haq, M. Z. U., Nazir, S., Khan, K. A., & Siddiquei, A. N. (2024) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104514 · Cited by 12
Yang, S., & Lei, X. (2025) · Cognitive Neurodynamics · doi:10.1007/s11571-025-10223-3 · Cited by 12
“…focused more on the effects of rumination specifically about stressful events or rumination about sleep deprivation on sleep (Ballesio et al. 2019; Querstret and Cropley 2012), and the results of the present study, which used the RRS to test individuals’ general tendency to rumination, yielded…”
Shao, Y., Jiang, W., Zhu, H., Zhang, C., & Xu, W. (2025) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-025-02628-w · Cited by 12
“As a subset of work-related rumination, affective rumination refers to the psychological process where individuals repetitively ponder over the causes and implications of work-induced negative emotions or stressful incidents [16].”
State-Level Variation in the Association Between Educational Attainment and Sleep
Sheehan, C. M., Zajacova, A., Connor, D. S., & Montez, J. K. (2021) · Population Research and Policy Review · doi:10.1007/s11113-021-09684-1 · Cited by 12
Sociotechnical Work System Approach to Occupational Fatigue
Watterson, T. L., Steege, L. M. B., Mott, D. A., Ford, J. H., Portillo, E. C., & Chui, M. A. (2023) · The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety · doi:10.1016/j.jcjq.2023.05.007 · Cited by 17
Wiese, B. S., Heidemeier, H., Burk, C. L., & Freund, A. M. (2017) · Journal of Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1027/1866-5888/a000174 · Cited by 12
“Rumination has been shown to relate to, for instance, work-related fatigue and even to the duration of depressive episodes, and it can inhibit instrumental problem-solving behavior (Lyubomirsky, Tucker, Caldwell, & Berg, 1999; Nolen-Hoeksema, 1991; Querstret & Cropley, 2012).”
BackgroundBaiocco, R., Manzi, D., Lonigro, A., Petrocchi, N., Laghi, F., Ioverno, S., & Ottaviani, C. (2017) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-017-0784-7
Insomnia: An Important Antecedent Impacting Entrepreneurs’ Health
Levasseur, L., Tang, J., & Karami, M. (2019) · Journal of risk and financial management · doi:10.3390/jrfm12010044 · Cited by 14
“Indeed, when individuals experience negative affect, they tend to ruminate (Querstret and Cropley 2012).”
BackgroundAdaptation of Work-Related Rumination Scale into Turkish
Akyüz, B. S., & Sulak, S. (2019) · Eğitimde ve Psikolojide Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Dergisi · doi:10.21031/epod.542872 · Cited by 13
“…Rydstedt, Devereux, and Middleton, 2013; Rydstedt, Cropley, Devereux & Michalianou, 2009), well-being (Firoozabadi et al., 2018; Hamesch et al., 2014; Querstret & Cropley, 2012; Syrek et al., 2017), work stressors (Hamesch et al., 2014), work beliefs (Zoupanou, Cropley, & Rydstedt, 2013),…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSmallfield, S., Fang, L., & Kyler, D. (2021) · American Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.5014/ajot.2021.046946 · Cited by 12
“Poor sleep quality is associated with depression (Tsuno et al., 2005), work-related fatigue (Querstret & Cropley, 2012), and low quality of life (Khan-Hudson & Alessi, 2008; Lo & Lee, 2012).”
Rhee, S., Shin, Y., Hur, W., Lee, S.-H., & Hwang, H. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-06906-5 · Cited by 16
“The importance of resting well after work has become increasingly pronounced in occupational health. negative affect, reduced job satisfaction, and impaired self-regulation (Barnes et al., 2016, 2017; Querstret & Cropley, 2012 ).”
Özen, E., Grima, S., & Hamarat, B. (2021) · Scientific Annals of Economics and Business · doi:10.47743/saeb-2021-0016 · Cited by 11
“In fact, Querstret and Cropley (2012), associate work-related fatigue, dwelling on work-related stress and the inability to psychologically disengage from work-related problems to rumination.”
BackgroundFlaxman, P. E., Stride, C., Newman, S., & Ménard, J. (2022) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/joop.12410 · Cited by 12
“In addition, the supplemental working and perseverative cognition measures are not specific to teachers and capture leisure time behaviours and experiences reported by employees in other occupations (Flaxman et al., 2012; Querstret & Cropley, 2012; Weigelt et al., 2019).”
BackgroundPaquette, V., Trépanier, S., & Ménard, J. (2025) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-025-10122-4 · Cited by 12
“Moreover, it is generally associated with more positive consequences than affective rumination (e.g., lower levels of chronic and acute fatigue, Querstret & Cropley, 2012 ; life satisfaction, work engagement, Wei-gelt et al., 2019a ).”
Weiher, G. M., Varol, Y. Z., & Horz, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.935775 · Cited by 12
Elfering, A., Grebner, S., Ganster, D. C., Berset, M., Kottwitz, M. U., & Semmer, N. K. (2017) · Work & Stress · doi:10.1080/02678373.2017.1417337 · Cited by 14
“Thus, rumination in terms of a negatively toned preoccupation with problems at work hinders good recovery (Ottaviani et al., 2016; Querstret & Cropley, 2012), whereas some activities (e.g. physical activity; social activities) and some qualitative aspects of experiences (e.g. mastery) foster…”
BackgroundMasiero, M., Cropley, M., & Pravettoni, G. (2020) · Europe's Journal of Psychology · doi:10.5964/ejop.v16i1.2279 · Cited by 10
“It has been argued that rumination fosters attention on depressive thoughts, distracting smokers to (Querstret & Cropley, 2012) engage in other constructive behaviors such as quitting smoking (Lyubomirsky, Kasri, Chang, & Chung, 2006).”
BackgroundSelf-citationWakelin, K., Perman, G., & Simonds, L. M. (2022) · Veterinary Record · doi:10.1002/vetr.2177 · Cited by 11
Manuoğlu, E. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0291312 · Cited by 12
Ding, C., Su, M., Pei, J., Zhu, C. J., & Zhao, S. (2024) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-024-05900-y · Cited by 10
“However, work-related rumination is not necessarily a negative experience (Querstret & Cropley, 2012).”
Otto, K., & Kleszewski, E. (2025) · Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.16993/sjwop.280 · Cited by 9
Metadata
- Authors
- Querstret, D., & Cropley, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Surrey (GB)
- Venue
- Journal of Occupational Health Psychology
- Published
- 2012
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 341-353
- ISSN
- 1076-8998 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1307
- OpenAlex
- W2035106724
- Cited by
- 401
- References
- 93
- Citations by year
- 2026: 46 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 17.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Occupational Health Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Workaholism, burnout, and well-being
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Workplace Health and Well-being
- Keywords
- work-related rumination, affective rumination, problem-solving pondering, detachment, sleep quality, occupational fatigue, chronic fatigue, acute fatigue, mediation, occupational stress, work recovery
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Employment, Fatigue, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Occupations, Problem Solving, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sleep, Sleep Wake Disorders, Stress, Psychological, Thinking, Young Adult
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