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A randomized clinical trial of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy versus unrestricted services for health anxiety (hypochondriasis).
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: The efficacy and acceptability of existing psychological interventions for health anxiety (hypochondriasis) are limited. In the current study, the authors aimed to assess the impact of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on health anxiety by comparing the impact of MBCT in addition to usual services (unrestricted services) with unrestricted services (US) alone. METHOD: The 74 participants were randomized to either MBCT in addition to US (n = 36) or US alone (n = 38). Participants were assessed prior to intervention (MBCT or US), immediately following the intervention, and 1 year postintervention. In addition to independent assessments of diagnostic status, standardized self-report measures and assessor ratings of severity and distress associated with the diagnosis of hypochondriasis were used. RESULTS: In the intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis (N = 74), MBCT participants had significantly lower health anxiety than US participants, both immediately following the intervention (Cohen's d = 0.48) and at 1-year follow-up (d = 0.48). The per-protocol (PP) analysis (n = 68) between groups effect size was d = 0.49 at postintervention and d = 0.62 at 1-year follow-up. Mediational analysis showed that change in mindfulness mediated the group changes in health anxiety symptoms. Significantly fewer participants allocated to MBCT than to US met criteria for the diagnosis of hypochondriasis, both immediately following the intervention period (ITT 50.0% vs. 78.9%; PP 47.1% vs. 78.4%) and at 1-year follow-up (ITT 36.1% vs. 76.3%; PP 28.1% vs. 75.0%). CONCLUSIONS: MBCT may be a useful addition to usual services for patients with health anxiety.
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“Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have established the effectiveness of different psychological interventions [6, 11–17]”
From Cost Effectiveness of Internet-Delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Patients with Severe Health Anxiety: A Randomised Controlled Trial (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
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“The study by McManus et al (2012) was the fi rst to use a group format for treating health anxiety in a randomised controlled trial (RCT).”
From Health anxiety: Detection and treatment (2018) · cites this paper as McManus et al 2012
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“Although mindfulness interventions have been shown to successfully decrease health anxiety (Eilenberg, Kronstrand, Fink, & Frostholm, 2013; Lovas & Barsky, 2010; McManus, Surawy, Muse, Vazquez-Montes, & Williams, 2012)”
From An examination of mindfulness skills in terms of affect tolerance among individuals with elevated levels of health anxiety. (2018) · cites this paper as McManus et al., 2012
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“For HA, the only two third wave RCTs on adults found a medium effect of MBCT tailored to HA (McManus et al., 2012) and high effect of ACT (Eilenberg et al., 2016).”
From Third wave treatments for functional somatic syndromes and health anxiety across the age span: A narrative review (2019) · cites this paper as McManus et al., 2012
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“reported a medium effect size of 0.48 (intention-to-treat analysis) to 0.62 (perprotocol analysis) at 1-year follow-up and a low drop-out rate of 6%.”
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Metadata
- Authors
- McManus, F., Surawy, C., Muse, K., Vazquez-Montes, M., & Williams, J. M. G.
- Affiliations
- Warneford Hospital (GB)
- Venue
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 2012-10
- Volume
- 80
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 817-828
- ISSN
- 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2117
- PMC
- PMC3450431
- OpenAlex
- W2167369045
- Cited by
- 179
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 7
- FWCI
- 21.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Repository (University of Gloucestershire) (acceptedVersion)
- Research Repository (University of Gloucestershire) (submittedVersion)
- Worcester Research and Publications (University of Worcester) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (G067797)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, health anxiety, usual care, psychological intervention, mindfulness, treatment efficacy, acceptability, long-term follow-up
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anxiety, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hypochondriasis, Male, Middle Aged, Severity of Illness Index, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Meditation
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