Genes, economics, and happiness.
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) and life satisfaction. We initially find that individuals with the longer, transcriptionally more efficient variant of this genotype report greater life satisfaction (n=2,545, p=0.012). However, our replication attempts on independent samples produce mixed results indicating that more work needs to be done to better understand the relationship between this genotype and subjective well-being. This work has implications for how economists think about the determinants of utility, and the extent to which exogenous shocks might affect individual well-being.
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Follow-up work on an augmented sample from the same data did not replicate the association between satisfaction with life and the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism.
“One study reported an association of satisfaction with life and the VNTR polymorphism on the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR), with greater satisfaction with life for the individuals with the longer variant (De Neve 2011), but follow-up work on an augmented sample from the same data did not replicate the finding (De Neve et al. 2012).”
From Genetics of Wellbeing and Its Components Satisfaction with Life, Happiness, and Quality of Life: A Review and Meta-analysis of Heritability Studies (2015) · cites this paper as De Neve et al. 2012
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Do Managers with Limited Liability Take More Risky Decisions? An Information Acquisition Model
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Happiness and hardship: opportunity and insecurity in new market economics
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The Objective Benefits of Subjective Well-Being
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Self-citationLife (Dis)Satisfaction and the Decision to Migrate: Evidence from Central and Eastern EuropePreprint
Otrachshenko, V., & Popova, O. I. (2012) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2046913 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Striessnig, E. (2015) · ePubWU Institutional Repository (Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien) · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Choudhary, A., Kumar, A., Jindal, M., Rhuthuparna, M., & Munshi, A. (2024) · Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/s13105-024-01065-4 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Flom, M., Wang, M., Uccello, K. J., & Saudino, K. J. (2018) · Behavior Genetics · doi:10.1007/s10519-018-9924-0 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Regional Unemployment and Norm-Induced Effects on Life SatisfactionPreprint
Chadi, A. (2011) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1884893 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Bitzer, J., Gören, E., & Heinz Welsch, B. (2024) · Economica · doi:10.1111/ecca.12528 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Mertins, V., Schote, A. B., & Meyer, J. (2013) · Journal of Neuroscience Psychology and Economics · doi:10.1037/a0032877 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
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Reich und zufrieden? Theorie und Empirie zur Beziehung von Wohlstand und Lebenszufriedenheit
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Happiness and Health: An Intricate Relationship
Kar, N. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-3493-5_9 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Genetic distance and differences in happiness across nations: Some preliminary evidence
Burger, M., Veenhoven, R., Kakar, L., & Commandeur, H. R. (2015) · EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Hope and the Life Course: Results From a Longitudinal Study of 25,000 Adults
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Gender and Well-Being Disparities Among People who Work from Home in Chile
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Impact of OXTR Polymorphisms on Subjective Well-Being: The Intermediary Role of Attributional Style
Ji, L., Chen, C., Hou, B., Ren, D., Yuan, F., Liu, L., Bi, Y., Guo, Z., Yang, F., Wu, X. L., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2021.763628 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Art Value Creation and Destruction
Özdilek, Ü. (2023) · Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s12124-022-09748-7 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
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Biology, Immigration, and Public Policy
Christainsen, G. B. (2012) · Kyklos · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6435.2012.00532.x · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Life (Dis)Satisfaction and the Decision to Migrate: Evidence from Central and Eastern EuropePreprint
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Sherman, A., Russo‐Netzer, P., & Shavit, T. (2025) · Applied Research in Quality of Life · doi:10.1007/s11482-025-10482-6 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
- Authors
- De Neve, J.-E., Christakis, N. A., Fowler, J. H., & Frey, B. S.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Zeppelin Universität gemeinnützige GmbH (DE)
- Venue
- Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics
- Published
- 2012-11
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 193-211
- ISSN
- 1937-321X (ISSN-L)
- 2151-318X
- PMC
- PMC3858957
- OpenAlex
- W3121239966
- Cited by
- 148
- References
- 151
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 23.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience Psychology and Economics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (P-01 AG-031093)
- National Science Foundation (SES0719404)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P01-HD31921)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- life satisfaction, subjective well-being, happiness, genetic polymorphism, transcription efficiency, genotypes, external shocks, replication
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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