Cited by 286Psychotherapy Techniques and ApplicationsPsychoanalysis and Psychopathology ResearchAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

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Outcome in psychotherapy: The past and important advances.

Lambert, Michael J.·2013·Psychotherapy

DOI 10.1037/a0030682

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Abstract

Fifty years after the 1963 debate between Strupp and Eysenck, as recorded in their articles in Psychotherapy, it is clear that Eysenck overstated the case against psychoanalysis and dynamic psychotherapy (Bergin, 1971), while inflating the magnitude of improvement in untreated individuals (Lambert, 1976). Eysenck was probably correct about the beneficial effects of behavior therapies, but did not foresee that behavior therapy would be supplanted by cognitive behavior therapies (CBT) and eclectic mixtures of CBT that incorporate elements of eastern religion, humanistic interventions, and psychodynamic constructs. Fortunately, most of the treatments that have been tested in rigorous investigations have been found to be effective, but few have distinguished themselves as uniquely superior. Many of the problems of how to measure the effects of treatment have been solved and suggest that about two thirds of treated individuals improve or recover. This leaves a sizable portion of nonresponding individuals, but emerging methods involving in tracking treatment response are being used to decrease deterioration and enhance positive outcomes.

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Authors: Lambert, M. J.
Affiliations: Brigham Young University (US)
Corresponding author: Lambert, Michael J.
ORCID: Lambert, Michael J.
Venue: Psychotherapy
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2013
Volume: 50
Issue: 1
Pages: 42-51
ISSN: 0033-3204 (ISSN-L)
1939-1536
DOI: 10.1037/a0030682
OpenAlex: W2043479766
Cited by: 286
References: 68
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 52 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 2
FWCI: 17.78
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychotherapy (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: psychotherapy outcome, treatment response, Eysenck, psychoanalysis, psychodynamic psychotherapy, behavior therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, treatment effectiveness, treatment response assessment, non-responders, treatment deterioration
MeSH terms: Humans, Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care, Psychotherapy

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Outcome in psychotherapy: The past and important advances.

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