Use of linguistic distancing and cognitive reappraisal strategies during emotion regulation in children, adolescents, and young adults
Open accessAbstract
use was reduced compared to other ages. Results suggest that linguistic distancing during emotion regulation is stable from age 10 to 23 but use of cognitive reappraisal strategies differs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Brief therapeutic exercises that stimulate a decentred self-perspective reduce negative emotional reactivity towards stressors such as unpleasant memories and negative self-relevant statements.
“Indeed, brief therapeutic exercises that stimulate a decentred self-perspective have been shown to reduce negative emotional reactivity towards stressors like unpleasant memories and negative self-relevant statements.9–13”
In 10-20 year olds viewing aversive images, self-distancing language increased in those who actively attempted to down-regulate emotional response.
“One study asked 10–20 year olds to verbalize their thoughts and feelings while viewing aversive images43. Self-distancing language increased in those who actively attempted to down-regulate emotional response.”
From Decentering as a core component in the psychological treatment and prevention of youth anxiety and depression: a narrative review and insight report (2021) · cites this paper as [43]
Increases in self-distancing language predicted lower self-rated psychological distress.
“Importantly, increases in self-distancing language also predicted lower self-rated psychological distress.”
From Decentering as a core component in the psychological treatment and prevention of youth anxiety and depression: a narrative review and insight report (2021) · cites this paper as [43]
Laboratory-based experimental studies with children and adolescents indicate that adopting a decentered perspective dampens emotional reactivity towards aversive stimuli, as shown by decreased negative affect, reduced believability of inner events, lower aggressive behaviors, and shorter emotional episodes.
“First, laboratory-based experimental studies with children and adolescents indicate that adopting a decentered perspective (e.g. instructions to adopt a third-person perspective or re-perceive events ‘as if watching themselves in a movie’) dampens emotional reactivity towards aversive stimuli.”
From Decentering as a core component in the psychological treatment and prevention of youth anxiety and depression: a narrative review and insight report (2021) · cites this paper as [43]
Decentering ability increases over time.
“A small number of studies additionally report that this ability increases over time38,43,44, likely due to age-related improvements in executive functioning41.”
From Decentering as a core component in the psychological treatment and prevention of youth anxiety and depression: a narrative review and insight report (2021) · cites this paper as [43]
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“A similar effect was found by Nook et al. (2020) after an experiment involving spoken language rather than written (those who used more distancing language were better able to regulate emotions; conversely, good regulators used a larger amount of distancing language) (Nook et al., 2020, p. 525).”
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Nook, E. C., Vidal Bustamante, C. M., Cho, H. Y., & Somerville, L. H.
- Venue
- Emotion
- Published
- 2020-06
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 525-540
- ISSN
- 1528-3542 (ISSN-L)
- 1931-1516
- OpenAlex
- W2923529156
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 9.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Emotion (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Harvard University
- National Science Foundation (DGE1144152)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health via Writing
- Keywords
- cognitive reappraisal, emotion regulation, age differences, children, adolescents, young adults, coping strategies
- MeSH terms
- Emotional Regulation, Adolescent, Adult, Child, Cognition, Female, Humans, Linguistics, Male, Young Adult
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