CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 251Substance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentAdolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health

Influence of parent–youth relationship, parental monitoring, and parent substance use on adolescent substance use onset.

Open access
Rusby, Julie C., Light, John M., Crowley, Ryann, Westling, Erika·2018·Journal of Family Psychology
DOI 10.1037/fam0000350PMC PMC5920742
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The quality of parent-child relationships likely influences many decisions and behaviors made by early adolescents, including their alcohol and marijuana use. We examined how parent-youth relationship quality, parental monitoring, and parent substance use were associated with initiation of alcohol use, binge drinking, and marijuana use by 400 adolescents by the spring of 8th grade (ages 13-14), and changes in initiation through 9th grade (assessed 3 times; fall, winter, and spring). We measured both parent and adolescent report of parent-youth relationship quality and parental monitoring, expecting that both perspectives would uniquely contribute. Discrete Time Survival models showed that youth report of both a poorer parent-youth relationship and lower parental monitoring were associated with alcohol use, binge drinking, and marijuana use onset. Parent binge drinking also predicted youth alcohol onset and parent report of poor quality relationship predicted marijuana onset. Youth report of a poor relationship with parents was a stronger predictor for girls than boys on their alcohol use onset, and youth report of parental monitoring was more protective for girls than boys for both alcohol and marijuana use onset. Implications for preventing use of these substances during early and mid-adolescence are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/fam0000350

Cites

2 of 2 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Adverse childhood experiences, including growing up in a context of maternal substance use, predict an earlier age of onset for alcohol and other drug use and increased odds for attempting suicide.

    “Adverse childhood experiences, including growing up in a context of maternal substance use (74), predicts an earlier age of onset for alcohol (62, 75) and other drug use (76, 77), and increased odds for attempting suicide (78).”

    From Mothering, Substance Use Disorders and Intergenerational Trauma Transmission: An Attachment-Based Perspective (2019) · cites this paper as [77]

    The Parental Substance Use section discusses adolescents’ exposure to parent substance use, and the Method > Participants section reports that 73% of participating primary parents were female (page numbers unavailable). But the study analyzes primary-parent use rather than maternal use specifically, and it does not identify that exposure as an adverse childhood experience. The later claims about age of onset and suicide attempts carry different citations and are not attributed to this source. (LLM, conf=0.79)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 44

  1. Adams RE Laursen B 2007 The correlates of conflict: Disagreement is not necessarily detrimental Journal of Family Psychology 21 445 458 10.1037/0893-3200.21.3.445 17874930 PMC2422875 · DOI
  2. Bailey JA Hill KG Guttmannove K Epstein M Abbott RD Steeger CM Skinner ML 2016 Associations between parental and grandparental marijuana use and child substance use norms in a prospective, three-generation study Journal of Adolescent Health 59 262 268 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.04.010 27265424 PMC5002069 · DOI
  3. Bechtold J Simpson T White HR Pardini D 2015 Chronic adolescent marijuana use as a risk factor for physical and mental health problems in young adult men Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 29 552 563 10.1037/adb0000103 26237286 PMC4586320 · DOI
  4. Boles S Biglan A Smolkowski K 2006 Relationships among negative and positive behaviours in adolescence Journal of Adolescence 29 33 52 10.1016/j.adolescence.2005.01.007 15979137 · DOI
  5. Brook JS Balka EB Crossman AM Dermatis H Galanter M Brook DW 2010 The relationship between parental alcohol use, early and late adolescent alcohol use, and young adult psychological symptoms: A longitudinal study The American Journal on Addictions 19 534 542 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2010.00083.x 20958850 PMC2959225 · DOI
  6. Buu A Dabrowksa A Mygrants M Puttler LI Jester JM Zucker RA 2014 Gender differences in the developmental risk of onset of alcohol, nicotine, and marijuana use and the effects of nicotine and marijuana use on alcohol outcomes Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 75 850 858 10.15288/jsad.2014.75.850 25208203 PMC4161704 · DOI
  7. Capaldi DM Tiberio SS Kerr DCR Pears KC 2016 The relationships of parental alcohol versus tobacco and marijuana use with early adolescent onset of alcohol use Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 77 1 95 103 10.15288/jsad.2016.77.95 26751359 PMC4711325 · DOI
  8. Chen P Jacobson KC 2012 Developmental trajectories of substance use from early adolescence to young adulthood: Gender and racial/ethnic differences Journal of Adolescent Health 50 154 163 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.05.013 22265111 PMC3264901 · DOI · Paper page
  9. Choquet M Hassler C Morin D Falissard B Chau N 2008 Perceived parenting styles and tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use among French adolescents: Gender and family structure differentials Alcohol and Alcoholism 43 73 80 10.1093/alcalc/agm060 17932077 · DOI
  10. Colder CR Campbell RT Ruel E Richardson JL Flay BR 2002 A finite mixture model of growth trajectories of adolescent alcohol use: Predictors and consequences Journal of Counseling and Clinical Psychology 70 976 985 10.1037//0022-006X.70.4.976 12182281 · DOI
  11. Coomber K Toumbourou JW Miller P Staiger PK Hemphill SA Catalano RF 2011 Rural adolescent alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use: A comparison of students in Victoria, Australia, and Washington State, United States Journal of Rural Health 27 409 415 10.1111/j.1748-0361.2010.00360.x 21967385 PMC3186916 · DOI
  12. De Los Reyes A Thomas SA Swan AJ Ehrlich KB Reynolds EK Suarez L … Pabón SC 2012 “It depends on what you mean by ‘disagree’”: Differences between parent and child perceptions of parent–child conflict Journal of Psychopathology and Behavior Assessment 34 293 307 10.1007/s10862-012-9288-3 PMC4157591 25210227 · DOI
  13. Epstein M Hill KG Roe SS Bailey JA Iacono WG McGue M … Haggerty KP 2016 Time-varying effects of families and peers on adolescent marijuana use: Person-environment interactions across development Development and Psychopathology Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579416000559 PMC5237614 27417425 · DOI
  14. Flory K Lynam D Milich R Leukefeld C Clayton R 2004 Early adolescent through young adult alcohol and marijuana use trajectories: Early predictors, young adult outcomes, and predictive utility Development and Psychopathology 16 193 213 doi:10.10170S0954579404044475 15115071
  15. Gottfredson DC Wilson DB 2003 Characteristics of effective school-based substance abuse prevention Prevention Science 4 27 38 10.1023/A:1021782710278 12611417 · DOI
  16. Kafka RR London P 1991 Communication in relationships and adolescent substance use: The influence of parents and friends Adolescence 26 587 598 1962542
  17. Kerr M Stattin H 2000 What parents know, how they know it, and several forms of adolescent adjustment: Further support for a reinterpretation of monitoring Developmental Psychology 36 366 380 10.1037/0012-1649.36.3.366 10830980 · DOI
  18. Kerr DCR Tiberio SS Capaldi DM 2015 Contextual risks linking parents’ adolescent marijuana use to offspring onset Drug and Alcohol Dependence 154 222 228 10.1037/t09677-000 26166667 PMC4540183 · DOI
  19. Lac A Unger JB Basáñez T Ritt-Olson A Soto DW Baezconde-Garbanati L 2011 Marijuana use among Latino adolescents: Gender differences in protective familial factors Substance Use & Misuse 46 644 655 10.3109/10826084.2010.528121 20977294 PMC3753174 · DOI
  20. Lam CB McHale SM Crouter AC 2014 Time with peers from middle childhood to late adolescence: Developmental course and adjustment correlates Child Development 85 1677 1693 10.1111/cdev.12235 24673293 PMC4107039 · DOI · Paper page
  21. Light JM Greenan CC Rusby JC Nies KM Snijders TAB 2013 Onset to first alcohol use in early adolescence: A network diffusion model. [Special issue] Journal of Research on Adolescence 23 487 499 10.1111/jora.12064 24039379 PMC3768163 · DOI
  22. Little RJ Rubin DB 2002 Statistical analysis with missing data 2 New York, NY Wiley
  23. Mair C Lipperman-Kreda S Gruenewald PJ Bersamin M Grube JW 2015 Adolescent drinking risks associated with specific drinking contexts Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 39 1705 1711 10.1111/acer.12806 PMC4558198 26208252 · DOI
  24. Metzler CW Biglan A Ary DV Li F 1998 The stability and validity of early adolescents’ reports of parenting constructs Journal of Family Psychology 12 600 619 10.1037/0893-3200.12.4.600 · DOI
  25. Miller SM Siegel JT Hohman Z Crano WD 2013 Factors mediating the association of the recency of parent’s marijuana use and their adolescent children’s subsequent initiation Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 27 848 853 10.1037/a0032201 23586448 PMC3993086 · DOI
  26. Muthén B Masyn K 2005 Discrete-time survival mixture analysis Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics 30 1 27 58
  27. Office of Applied Studies 2002 Results from the 2001 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse: Vol. 1. Summary of national findings (DHHS Publication No. SMA 02-3758, NHSDA Series H117) Rockville, MD Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
  28. Ohannessian CM 2012 Parental problem drinking and adolescent psychosocial adjustment: The mediating role of adolescent–parent communication Journal of Research on Adolescence 22 498 511 10.1111/j.1532-7795.2012.00791.x · DOI
  29. Prinz RJ Foster S Kent RN O’Leary KD 1979 Multivariate assessment of conflict in distressed and nondistressed mother–adolescent dyads Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 12 691 700 10.1901/jaba.1979.12-691 541311 PMC1311489 · DOI
  30. Robin AL Foster SL 1989 Negotiating parent-adolescent conflict: A behavioral-family systems approach New York, NY Guilford Press
  31. Singer JD Willett JB 2003 Applied longitudinal data analysis: Modeling change and event occurrence New York, NY Oxford University Press
  32. Skeer MR McCormick MC Normand SL Mimiaga MJ Buka SL Gilman SE 2011 Gender differences in the association between family conflict and adolescent substance use disorders Journal of Adolescent Health 49 187 192 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.12.003 21783052 PMC3143378 · DOI
  33. Steinberg L 2001 We know some things: Parent-adolescent relationships in retrospect and prospect Journal of Research on Adolescence 11 1 19 10.1111/1532-7795.00001 · DOI · Paper page
  34. Svensson R 2003 Gender differences in adolescent drug use: The impact of parental monitoring and peer deviance Youth & Society 34 300 329 10.1177/0044118X02250095 · DOI
  35. Tebes JK Cook EC Vanderploeg JJ Feinn R Chinman MJ Shepard JK … Connell CVM 2011 Parental knowledge and substance use among African American Adolescents: Influence of gender and grade level Journal of Child and Family Studies 20 406 413 10.1007/s10826-010-9406-3 24683304 PMC3968916 · DOI
  36. Tharp AT Noonan RK 2012 Associations between three characteristics of parent–youth relationships, youth substance use, and dating attitudes Health Promotion Practice 13 515 523 10.1177/1524839910386220 22090151 · DOI
  37. Tobler AL Komro KA 2010 Trajectories or parental monitoring and communication and effects on drug use among urban young adolescents Journal of Adolescent Health 46 560 568 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.12.008 20472213 PMC2872631 · DOI
  38. Van Ryzin MJ Dishion TJ 2014 Adolescent deviant peer clustering as an amplifying mechanism underlying the progression from early substance use to late adolescent dependence Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 55 1153 1161 10.1111/jcpp.12211 24673521 PMC4133330 · DOI
  39. Wang B Stanton B Li X Cottrell L Deveaux L Kaljee L 2013 The in uence of parental monitoring and parent–adolescent communication on Bahamian adolescent risk involvement: A three-year longitudinal examination Social Science & Medicine 97 161 169 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.08.013 24161101 PMC4049067 · DOI
  40. Westling E Andrews JA Hampson SE Peterson M 2008 Pubertal timing and substance use: The effects of gender, parental monitoring, and deviant peers Journal of Adolescent Health 42 555 563 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.11.002 18486864 PMC2435092 · DOI
  41. Weymouth BB Buehler C Zhou N Henson RA 2016 A meta-analysis of parent–adolescent conflict: Disagreement, hostility, and youth maladjustment Journal of Family Theory & Review 8 95 112 10.1111/jftr.12126 · DOI
  42. Wiens BA Haden SC Dean KL Sivinski J 2010 The impact of peer aggression and victimization on substance use in rural adolescents Journal of School Violence 9 271 288 10.1080/15388220.2010.483180 · DOI
  43. Wills TA Sandy JM Yaeger A Shinar O 2001 Family risk factors and adolescent substance use: Moderation effects for temperament dimensions Developmental Psychology 37 283 297 10.1037/0012-1649.37.3.283 11370906 · DOI
  44. Wills TA Yaeger AM 2003 Family factors and adolescent substance use: Models and mechanisms Current Directions in Psychological Science 12 222 226 10.1046/j.0963-7214.2003.01266.x · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Rusby, J. C., Light, J. M., Crowley, R., & Westling, E.
Affiliations
Oregon Research Institute (US)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Family Psychology
Publisher
American Psychological Association (APA)
Published
2018-04
Volume
32
Issue
3
Pages
310-320
ISSN
  • 0893-3200 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-1293
DOI
10.1037/fam0000350
PMC
PMC5920742
OpenAlex
W2781878084
Cited by
251
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 23 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 1
FWCI
12.88
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Family Psychology (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA034062)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
Keywords
parental supervision, parental substance use, alcohol use initiation, binge drinking, cannabis use, early adolescence, gender differences, substance use prevention
MeSH terms
Underage Drinking, Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Marijuana Smoking, Parent-Child Relations, Sex Factors, Northwestern United States, Parenting, Binge Drinking

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review