Reexamination of the role of the hypothalamus in motivation.
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1960s studies of reward and hunger motivation caused by brain electrode stimulation moved motivation theory away from negative drive theories to positive incentive theories of motivation.
“Perhaps the single most compelling piece of evidence that moved motivation theory away from negative drive theories to positive incentive theories of motivation came from 1960s studies of reward and hunger motivation caused by brain electrode stimulation – mostly at sites in the lateral hypothalamus that indirectly also activated mesolimbic dopamine systems (Olds and Milner, 1954; Valenstein et al”
From Evolving Concepts of Emotion and Motivation (2018) · cites this paper as Valenstein et al., 1970
Simply giving free stimulations of the electrodes, without making them work for it, caused rats to suddenly start eating, or start drinking, or begin engaging in sex, or parental behaviors, etc.
“That is, simply giving free stimulations of the electrodes, without making them work for it, caused rats to suddenly start eating, or start drinking, or begin engaging in sex, or parental behaviors, etc. (Valenstein et al., 1970).”
From Evolving Concepts of Emotion and Motivation (2018) · cites this paper as Valenstein et al., 1970
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References 34 · Cited by 390
- Authors
- Valenstein, E. S., Cox, V. C., & Kakolewski, J. W.
- Venue
- Psychological Review
- Published
- 1970
- Volume
- 77
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 16-31
- ISSN
- 0033-295X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1471
- OpenAlex
- W1997615536
- Cited by
- 390
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 10.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- hypothalamus, motivation, brain-behavior relationship
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Drinking Behavior, Drive, Eating, Environment, Hunger, Hypothalamus, Motivation, Thirst, Rats
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