The impact of neurofeedback training on children with developmental trauma: a randomized controlled study

Rogel, Ainat; Loomis, Alysse M.; Hamlin, Ed; Hodgdon, Hilary; Spinazzola, Joseph; van der Kolk, Bessel

doi:10.1037/tra0000648

Cited by 52Child Abuse and TraumaPsychoanalysis and Psychopathology ResearchEEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces

The impact of neurofeedback training on children with developmental trauma: a randomized controlled study

Rogel, Ainat, Loomis, Alysse M., Hamlin, Ed, Hodgdon, Hilary, Spinazzola, Joseph, van der Kolk, Bessel·2020·Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy

DOI 10.1037/tra0000648

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Developmental trauma or chronic early childhood exposure to abuse and neglect by caregivers has been shown to have a long-lasting pervasive impact on mental and neural development, including problems with attention, impulse control, self-regulation, and executive functioning. Its long-term effects are arguably the costliest public health challenge in the United States. Children with developmental trauma rarely have a satisfactory response to currently available evidence-based psychotherapeutic and pharmacological treatments. Neurofeedback training (NFT) is a clinical application of brain computer interface technology, aiming to alter electrical brain activity associated with various mental dysfunctions. NFT has shown promise to improve posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. METHOD: = 17). Both groups underwent 4 assessments during equivalent timelines. The active group received 24 NFT sessions twice a week. RESULTS: This pilot study demonstrated that 24 sessions of NFT significantly decreased PTSD symptoms, internalizing, externalizing, other behavioral and emotional symptoms, and significantly improved the executive functioning of children aged 6-13 years with severe histories of abuse and neglect who had not significantly benefited from any previous therapy. CONCLUSIONS: NFT offers the possibility to improve learning, enhance self-efficacy, and develop better social relationships in this hitherto largely treatment-resistant population. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

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Previous studies demonstrated significant success with a frequency of two sessions per week.
“This is based on previous studies that demonstrated significant success with a frequency of two sessions per week.24–26”
From Evaluation of a manualised neurofeedback training in psychosomatic-psychotherapeutic outpatient treatment (Neuro-pp-out): study protocol for a clinical mixed-methods pilot study (2024) · cites this paper as [25]

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Authors: Rogel, A., Loomis, A. M., Hamlin, E., Hodgdon, H., Spinazzola, J., & van der Kolk, B.
Affiliations: University of Utah (US)
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
Justice Resource Institute (US)
ORCID: Rogel, Ainat
Loomis, Alysse M.
Hamlin, Ed
Hodgdon, Hilary
Venue: Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2020-11
Volume: 12
Issue: 8
Pages: 918-929
ISSN: 1942-9681 (ISSN-L)
1942-969X
DOI: 10.1037/tra0000648
OpenAlex: W3042551899
Cited by: 52
References: 19
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 2
FWCI: 3.30
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
Keywords: neurofeedback, developmental trauma, childhood abuse and neglect, post-traumatic stress disorder, executive function, internalizing problems, externalizing problems, children, self-regulation
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Child, Child Abuse, Female, Humans, Male, Pilot Projects, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Neurofeedback

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The impact of neurofeedback training on children with developmental trauma: a randomized controlled study

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