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A Physical Basis for Life Detection Experiments
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“Atmospheric species such as oxygen and methane (and other reduced gases) should not coexist in appreciable quantities in an equilibrium atmosphere (Lovelock, 1965; Sagan et al., 1993), yet they do on our living planet.”
From The Astrobiology Primer v2.0 (2016) · cites this paper as Lovelock, 1965
In the citing paper
“Life has caused changes to the composition of Earth's atmosphere (Lovelock, 1965) that are detectable by spectroscopy.”
From The Astrobiology Primer v2.0 (2016) · cites this paper as Lovelock, 1965
In the citing paper
“A more general biosignature, which has not been considered for the early Earth, is atmospheric chemical disequilibrium, evident in the coexistence of two or more long-term incompatible gases (17–20).”
From Disequilibrium biosignatures over Earth history and implications for detecting exoplanet life (2018) · cites this paper as [17]
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Metadata
- Authors
- LOVELOCK, J. E.
- Corresponding author
- LOVELOCK, J. E.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 1965-08
- Volume
- 207
- Issue
- 4997
- Pages
- 568-570
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2005686998
- Cited by
- 446
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 1.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Origins and Evolution of Life
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Space and Planetary Science › Planetary Science and Exploration
- Keywords
- life detection, biosignatures, physical basis of life, astrobiology, exoplanet biosignatures, high-contrast imaging
- MeSH terms
- Astronomy, Biochemical Phenomena, Biochemistry, Biology, Extraterrestrial Environment, Astronomical Phenomena
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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