Hearing lips and seeing voices

In the citing paper

“In the McGurk effect, perceptual identification of auditory speech syllables is influenced by simultaneous presentation of discrepant visible speech syllables.”

In the citing paper

“the phenomenon known as the McGurk effect demonstrates that neither informational stream can be ignored”

In the citing paper

“The salience ofaudiovisual speech is also evidenced in findings which show that its integration is automatic.”

In the citing paper

“For some audiovisual tokens, however, the younger children displayed as many fused responses as adults did.”

In the citing paper

“McGurk and MacDonald (1976) reported that two groups of English-speaking children (3-5 years and 7-8 years old) displayed a smaller overall visual influence than did adult subjects.”

In the citing paper

“The developmental research suggests that for many stimuli, the strength ofthe McGurk effect increases through childhood (e.g., Boliek et al., 1996;Massaro, 1987;McGurk & MacDonald, 1976).”

In the citing paper

“It is based on the premise that sensory stimuli that occur in close temporal proximity are more likely to be integrated and perceived as emanating from the same source; thus, timing information is crucial to binding and integrating associated stimuli (Shams et al., 2000, McGurk and Macdonald, 1976, Stevenson et al., 2012).”

In the citing paper

“Speech perception is intrinsically bimodal, as shown several decades ago by the famous McGurk effect [2] that human speech perception depends not only on auditory information, but also on visual cues like lip movements.”