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Cited by 580Axon Guidance and Neuronal SignalingNeurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanismsNerve injury and regeneration

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Turning of nerve growth cones induced by neurotransmitters

Zheng, James Q., Felder, Mark, Connor, John A., Poo, Mu-ming·1994·Nature
DOI 10.1038/368140a0
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Abstract

Pathfinding by growing nerve processes in the developing nervous system depends on the turning response of the growing tip, the growth cone, to extracellular guidance cues. There is evidence in vivo and in cell culture that some growth cones exhibit chemotropic behaviour, but the identity of endogenous chemoattractants remains elusive. Neurotransmitters appear early in the developing embryo and may have morphogenic roles in development. In cell culture a number of neurotransmitters were found to induce growth inhibition or retraction of neurites. Here we report positive turning responses of the nerve growth cone in a defined extracellular gradient of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh). The growth cone response depends on the activation of neuronal nicotinic ACh receptors, requires the presence of extracellular Ca2+, and appears to be mediated by Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. Fluorescence imaging of cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) at the growth cone showed a small but significant evaluation of [Ca2+]i within minutes of the onset of ACh application and before the turning of the growth cone. These findings suggest that neurotransmitters may serve as specific chemoattractants for growth cone guidance and that cytosolic Ca2+ may act as a second messenger in the cytoplasm of the growth cone to initiate the turning response.

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Crossref · 10.1038/368140a0

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Menesini-Chen, M. G., Chen, J. S. & Levi-Montalcini, R. Arch. Ital. Biol. 116, 53–84 (1978).
  2. Buznikov, G. A., Chudakova, I. V., Berysheva, L. V. & Vyazmina, N. M. J. Embryol. exp. Morph. 20, 119–128 (1968).
  3. Connor, J. A. & Nikolakopoulou, G. Lec. Math. Life Sci. 15, 79–101 (1982).

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Metadata

Authors
Zheng, J. Q., Felder, M., Connor, J. A., & Poo, M.-M.
Affiliations
Columbia University (US)
ORCID
Venue
Nature
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
1994-03
Volume
368
Issue
6467
Pages
140-144
ISSN
  • 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-4687
DOI
10.1038/368140a0
OpenAlex
W2078047724
Cited by
580
References
40
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 13
FWCI
16.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • Nature (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM083889)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nerve injury and regeneration
Keywords
growth cone turning, acetylcholine, chemotropism, chemoattractants, neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, calcium signaling, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, intracellular calcium, neurite guidance, axon guidance
MeSH terms
Acetylcholine, Animals, Axons, Calcium, Cell Movement, Cells, Cultured, Chemotactic Factors, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Receptors, Cholinergic, Xenopus, Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases, Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2

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