The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Apoptosis and necrosis induced with light and 5-aminolaevulinic acid-derived protoporphyrin IX
Open accessAbstract
The mode of cell death induced by photodynamic treatment (PDT) was studied in two cell lines cultured in monolayer, V79 Chinese hamster fibroblasts and WiDr human colon adenocarcinoma cells. The cells were incubated with 5-aminolaevulinic acid (5-ALA) as a precursor for the endogenously synthesised protoporphyrin IX, which was activated by light. Free DNA ends, owing to internucleosomal DNA cleavage in apoptotic cells, were stained specifically with a fluorescent dye in the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) assay. The free DNA ends were measured by flow cytometry and the fractions of apoptotic cells determined. Total cell death was measured in a cell survival assay to determine the necrotic fraction after subtraction of the apoptotic fraction. V79 cells did undergo apoptosis while WiDr cells were killed only through necrosis. With time, the apoptotic fraction of V79 cells increased until a maximum was reached about 3-4 h after ALA-PDT treatment. For increasing ALA-PDT doses, a maximal apoptotic fraction 75-85% of the cells was measured at about 85% of total cell death. The flow cytometric assay of apoptosis was confirmed by the typical ladder of oligonucleosomal DNA fragments obtained from agarose gel electrophoresis, by fluorescence micrographs visualising the induced free DNA ends and by electron micrographs showing the typical morphology of apoptotic cells.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Figures
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“ALA-PDT has been shown to promote necrotic cell death as well, which is highly dependent on the cell line, PpIX localization, and PDT dose.”
From 5-Aminolevulinic Acid as a Theranostic Agent for Tumor Fluorescence Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy (2023) · cites this paper as [30]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Apoptosis: A Basic Biological Phenomenon with Wideranging Implications in Tissue Kinetics
Kerr, J. F. R., Wyllie, A. H., & Currie, A. R. (1972) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/bjc.1972.33 · Cited by 15,673
Gomer, C. J. (1988) · Cited by 4,169
PLASTIC EMBEDDING MIXTURES FOR USE IN ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.
Mollenhauer, H. H. (1964) · PubMed · Cited by 1,985
Chen, Y., & Wu, H. D. (2010) · Chinese Science Bulletin · doi:10.1007/s11434-010-3275-4 · Cited by 1,596
Photodynamic therapy with endogenous protoporphyrin
Kennedy, J. C., Pottier, R. H., & Pross, D. C. (1990) · Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology · doi:10.1016/1011-1344(90)85083-9 · Cited by 1,509
Photoradiation therapy for the treatment of malignant tumors.
Dougherty, T. J., Kaufman, J., Goldfarb, A., Weishaupt, K. R., Boyle, D. G., & Mittleman, A. (1978) · PubMed · Cited by 1,487
Identification of singlet oxygen as the cytotoxic agent in photoinactivation of a murine tumor.
Weishaupt, K. R., Gomer, C. J., & Dougherty, T. J. (1976) · PubMed · Cited by 1,418
Apoptosis in cancer therapy: Crossing the threshold
Fisher, D. E. (1994) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90518-5 · Cited by 1,315
Histologic fixatives suitable for diagnostic light and electron microscopy.
McDowell, E. M., & Trump, B. F. (1976) · PubMed · Cited by 1,254
THE PHOTODEGRADATION OF PORPHYRINS IN CELLS CAN BE USED TO ESTIMATE THE LIFETIME OF SINGLET OXYGEN
Moan, J. E., & Berg, K. (1991) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1991.tb03669.x · Cited by 1,010
Self-citationGorczyca, W., GONG, J., & Darżynkiewicz, Z. (1993) · PubMed · Cited by 982
Dose‐dependent induction of apoptosis in human tumour cell lines by widely diverging stimuli
LENNON, S. V., Martin, S. J., & Cotter, T. G. (1991) · Cell Proliferation · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2184.1991.tb01150.x · Cited by 815
Carson, D. A., & Ribeiro, J. M. (1993) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(93)91154-e · Cited by 684
A rapid and simple method for the isolation of apoptotic DNA fragments
i, M. H., Lorenz, H.-M., Voll, R. E., Griinke, M., Woith, W., & Kalden, J. R. (1994) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/22.24.5506 · Cited by 652
Apoptosis (the 1992 Frank Rose Memorial Lecture)
Wyllie, A. (1993) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/bjc.1993.40 · Cited by 442
Dougherty, T. J. (1993) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1993.tb04990.x · Cited by 394
Photodynamic therapy induces rapid cell death by apoptosis in L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells.
Agarwal, M. L., Clay, M. E., Harvey, E. J., Evans, H. H., Antunez, A. R., & Oleinick, N. L. (1991) · PubMed · Cited by 363
Dicing with death: dissecting the components of the apoptosis machinery
Martin, S. J., Green, D. R., & Cotter, T. G. (1994) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/0968-0004(94)90170-8 · Cited by 358
Chapter 2 Assays of Cell Viability: Discrimination of Cells Dying by Apoptosis
Darżynkiewicz, Z., Li, X., & Gong, J. (1994) · Methods in cell biology · doi:10.1016/s0091-679x(08)61707-0 · Cited by 355
Destruction of erythroleukaemic cells by photoactivation of endogenous porphyrins
Malik, Z., & Lugaci, H. (1987) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/bjc.1987.246 · Cited by 292
Moan, J. E., Pettersen, E. O., & Christensen, T. (1979) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/bjc.1979.72 · Cited by 269
Characterization of WiDr: A human colon carcinoma cell line
Noguchi, P., Wallace, R. E., Johnson, J. H., Earley, E. M., O’Brien, S. J., Ferrone, S., PELLEGRINO, M. A., Milstien, J. B., Needy, C. F., Browne, W., et al. (1979) · In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant · doi:10.1007/bf02618407 · Cited by 168
PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY WITH PHOTOFRIN II INDUCES PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH IN CARCINOMA CELL LINES
He, X., Sikes, R. A., Thomsen, S., Chung, L. W. K., & Jacques, S. L. (1994) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1994.tb05066.x · Cited by 166
Ben‐Hur, E., & Rosenthal, I. (1985) · International Journal of Radiation Biology and Related Studies in Physics Chemistry and Medicine · doi:10.1080/09553008514550211 · Cited by 164
Differential interaction of porphyrins used in photoradiation therapy with ferrochelatase
Dailey, H. A., & Smith, A. (1984) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj2230441 · Cited by 140
Moan, J. E., Waksvik, H., & Christensen, T. (1980) · PubMed · Cited by 132
Berg, K., Madslien, K., Bommer, J. C., Oftebro, R., Winkelman, J. W., & Moan, J. E. (1991) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1991.tb03924.x · Cited by 116
Self-citationGaullier, J., Gèze, M., Santus, R. C., Melo, T. S. E., Mazière, J., Bazin, M., Morlière, P., & Dubertret, L. (1995) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1995.tb05247.x · Cited by 69
Berg, K., Lukšiené, Ž., Moan, J. E., & Ma, L. (1995) · Radiation Research · doi:10.2307/3579143 · Cited by 53
Self-citationPTHALOCYANINE‐INDUCED PHOTODYNAMIC CHANGES OF CYTOPLASMIC FREE CALCIUM IN CHINESE HAMSTER CELLS
Ben‐Hur, E., Dubbelman, T. M. A. R., & Steveninck, J. V. (1991) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1991.tb02002.x · Cited by 51
Zaidi, S. I. A., Agarwal, R., Eichler, G., Rihter, B. D., Kenney, M. E., & Mukhtar, H. (1993) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1993.tb09550.x · Cited by 48
Kvam, E., & Moan, J. E. (1990) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1990.tb08680.x · Cited by 40
Penning, L. C., Lagerberg, J. W. M., VanDierendonck, J. H., Cj, C., Dubbelman, T. M. A. R., & VanSteveninck, J. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 33
Noodt, B. B., Kvam, E., Steen, H. B., & Moan, J. E. (1993) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1993.tb04929.x · Cited by 25
Self-citationKvam, E., Stokke, T., & Moan, J. E. (1990) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression · doi:10.1016/0167-4781(90)90081-c · Cited by 24
Self-citationA device to determine fluence-response curves for photoinactivation of cells in vitro
Moan, J. E., Høvik, B., & Sommer, S. (1984) · Photobiochemistry and photobiophysics. · doi:10.1016/s0165-8646(24)00216-2 · Cited by 17
Oleinick, N. L., Agarwal, M. L., Berger, N. A., Cheng, M. F., Chatterjee, S., He, J., Kenney, M. E., Larkin, H. E., Mukhter, H., Rihter, B. D., et al. (1993) · Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE · doi:10.1117/12.146317 · Cited by 15
Spin-trapping of free radicals during phthalocyanine photosensitization of lymphoma cells in vitro.
Gantchev, T. G. (1992) · PubMed · Cited by 8
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The role of apoptosis in response to photodynamic therapy: what, where, why, and how
Oleinick, N. L., Morris, R. L., & Belitchenko, I. (2002) · Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences · doi:10.1039/b108586g · Cited by 1,502
Braathen, L. R., Szeimies, R., Basset‐Séguin, N., Bissonnette, R., Foley, P. A., Pariser, D. M., Roelandts, R., Wennberg, A., & Morton, C. A. (2006) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2006.06.006 · Cited by 658
5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Based Photodynamic Therapy: Principles and Experimental Research
Peng, Q., Berg, K., Moan, J., Kongshaug, M., & Nesland, J. M. (1997) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1997.tb08549.x · Cited by 615
Self-citationThe Photobiology of Photodynamic Therapy: Cellular Targets and Mechanisms
Oleinick, N. L., & Evans, H. H. (1998) · Radiation Research · doi:10.2307/3579816 · Cited by 571
Guidelines for topical photodynamic therapy: update
Morton, C. A., McKenna, K. E., & Rhodes, L. E. (2008) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08882.x · Cited by 474
Metadata
- Authors
- Noodt, B., Berg, K., Stokke, T., Peng, Q., & Nesland, J.
- Affiliations
- Cancer Registry of Norway (NO)
- Venue
- British Journal of Cancer
- Published
- 1996-07
- Volume
- 74
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 22-29
- ISSN
- 0007-0920 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-1827
- PMC
- PMC2074599
- OpenAlex
- W1976916629
- Cited by
- 174
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 6.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- British Journal of Cancer (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Porphyrin Metabolism and Disorders
- Keywords
- photodynamic therapy, 5-aminolevulinic acid, protoporphyrin IX, apoptosis, necrosis, cell death mode, V79 fibroblasts, DNA fragmentation, light activation
- MeSH terms
- Adenocarcinoma, Aminolevulinic Acid, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Colonic Neoplasms, Cricetulus, Fibroblasts, Cricetinae, Humans, Light, Necrosis, Photochemotherapy, Protoporphyrins, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Apoptosis, Photosensitizing Agents
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
