The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Effects of Genetic Polymorphisms in the Organic Cation Transporters OCT1, OCT2, and OCT3 on the Renal Clearance of Metformin
Open accessAbstract
Organic cation transporters (OCTs) can mediate metformin transmembrane transport. We explored metformin pharmacokinetics in relation to genetic variations in OCT1, OCT2, OCT3, OCTN1, and MATE1 in 103 healthy male Caucasians. Renal clearance varied 3.8-fold and was significantly dependent on creatinine clearance (r(2) = 0.42, P < 0.0001), age (r(2) = 0.09, P = 0.002), and OCT1 polymorphisms. Carriers of zero, one, and two low-activity OCT1 alleles (Arg61Cys, Gly401Ser, 420del, or Gly465Arg) had mean renal clearances of 30.6, 33.1, and 37.1 l/h, respectively (P = 0.04, after adjustment for creatinine clearance and age). Immunohistochemical staining of human kidneys demonstrated OCT1 expression on the apical side of proximal and distal tubules. Increased renal clearance, in parallel with the known decreased hepatic uptake, may contribute to reduced metformin efficacy in low-activity genotypes. Renal OCT1 expression may be important not only in relation to metformin but with respect to other drugs as well.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Involvement of organic cation transporter 1 in hepatic and intestinal distribution of metformin
Wang, D.-S., Jonker, J. W., Kato, Y., Kusuhara, H., Schinkel, A. H., & Sugiyama, Y. (2002) · The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.102.034140 · Cited by 441
Pharmacokinetics of Metformin After Intravenous and Oral Administration to Man
Pentik�inen, P. J., Neuvonen, P. J., & Penttil�, A. (1979) · European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00562061 · Cited by 348
Cited by
Cellular and molecular mechanisms of metformin: an overview
Viollet, B., Guigas, B., Garcia, N. S., Leclerc, J., Foretz, M., & Andreelli, F. (2012) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20110386 · Cited by 1,720
Clinical pharmacokinetics of metformin
Graham, G. G., Punt, J., Arora, M., Day, R. O., Doogue, M. P., Duong, J. K., Furlong, T. J., Greenfield, J. R., Greenup, L. C., Kirkpatrick, C. M., et al. (2011) · Clinical Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.2165/11534750-000000000-00000 · Cited by 1,318
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Metformin Action
LaMoia, T. E., & Shulman, G. I. (2021) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnaa023 · Cited by 791
What do drug transporters really do?
Nigam, S. K. (2015) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd4461 · Cited by 527
Metformin pathways: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
Gong, L., Goswami, S., Giacomini, K. M., Altman, R. B., & Klein, T. E. (2012) · Pharmacogenetics and Genomics · doi:10.1097/fpc.0b013e3283559b22 · Cited by 495
Metadata
- Authors
- Tzvetkov, M. V., Vormfelde, S. V., Balen, D., Meineke, I., Schmidt, T., Sehrt, D., Sabolić, I., Koepsell, H., & Brockmöller, J.
- Venue
- Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-06-17
- Volume
- 86
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 299-306
- ISSN
- 0009-9236 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-6535
- OpenAlex
- W2158119880
- Cited by
- 349
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 21.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Effects of Genetic Polymorphisms in the Organic Cation Transporters OCT1, OCT2, and OCT3 on the Renal Clearance of Metformin. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/clpt.2009.92
- The paper
- Tzvetkov, M. V., Vormfelde, S. V., Balen, D., Meineke, I., Schmidt, T., Sehrt, D., Sabolić, I., Koepsell, H., & Brockmöller, J. (2009). The Effects of Genetic Polymorphisms in the Organic Cation Transporters OCT1, OCT2, and OCT3 on the Renal Clearance of Metformin. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics. https://doi.org/10.1038/clpt.2009.92
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
