Health economic consequences of reducing salt intake and replacing saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat in the adult Finnish population: estimates based on the FINRISK and FINDIET studies
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To predict the health economic consequences of modest reductions in the daily intake of salt (-1.0 g per day) and replacement of saturated fat (SFA, -1.0 energy percent (E%)) with polyunsaturated fat (PUFA, +1.0 E%) in the Finnish population aged 30-74 years. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A Markov model with dynamic population structure was constructed to present the natural history of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) based on the most current information about the age- and sex-specific cardiovascular risk factors, dietary habits and nutrient intake. To predict the undiscounted future health economic consequences of the reduction of dietary salt and SFA, the model results were extrapolated for the years 2010-2030 by replacing the baseline population in the year 2007 with the extrapolated populations from the official Finnish statistics. Finnish costs (€2009, societal perspective) and EQ-5D utilities were obtained from published references. RESULTS: During the next 20 years, a population-wide intervention directed at salt intake and dietary fat quality could potentially lead to 8000-13,000 prevented CVD cases among the Finnish adults compared the situation in year 2007. In addition, the reduced incidence of CVDs could gain 26,000-45,000 quality-adjusted life years and save €150-225 million over the same time period. CONCLUSION: A modest reduction of salt and replacement of SFA with PUFA in food products can significantly reduce the burden of CVD in the adult Finnish population. This impact may be even larger in the near future due to the ageing of Finnish population.
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A few trials found that blood-pressure-lowering effects of sodium restriction were similar in subjects taking or not taking anti-hypertensives.
“a few trials found that BP-lowering effects of sodium restriction were similar in subjects taking or not taking anti-hypertensives.[10][11][12][13]”
From Global Sodium Consumption and Death from Cardiovascular Causes (2014) · cites this paper as [11]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Martikainen, J. A., Soini, E. J. O., Laaksonen, D. E., & Niskanen, L.
- Affiliations
- ESiOR Oy (Finland) (FI)
- University of Eastern Finland (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Martikainen, J A
- Venue
- European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Published
- 2011-05-18
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1148-1155
- ISSN
- 0954-3007 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5640
- PMC
- PMC3189582
- OpenAlex
- W1986166991
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 5.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- www.springer.com/tdm (unspecified)
- Locations
- European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Trinity's Access to Research Output (TARA) (Trinity College Dublin) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Keywords
- dietary salt reduction, saturated fat replacement, polyunsaturated fat, cardiovascular disease prevention, health economic impact, quality-adjusted life years, cost reduction, Finnish adults, cardiovascular risk factors, population aging
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Energy Intake, Cardiovascular Diseases, Choice Behavior, Computer Simulation, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Diet, Dietary Fats, Unsaturated, Fatty Acids, Feeding Behavior, Female, Finland, Food Preferences, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Logistic Models, Sodium Chloride, Dietary, Quality-Adjusted Life Years
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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