Residential mobility impacts exposure assessment and community socioeconomic characteristics in longitudinal epidemiology studies
Open accessAbstract
Epidemiologic studies commonly use residential locations to estimate environmental exposures or community-level characteristics. The impact of residential mobility on these characteristics, however, is rarely considered. The objective of this analysis was to examine the effect of residential mobility on estimates of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP), greenspace, and community-level characteristics. All residential addresses were reported from birth through age seven for children enrolled in the Cincinnati Childhood Allergy and Air Pollution Study. Exposure to TRAP at each address was estimated using a land use model. Greenspace was estimated using satellite imagery. Indices of neighborhood deprivation and race were created based on socioeconomic-census tract measures. Exposure estimates using the birth record address, the last known address, and the annual address history were used to determine exposure estimation error and bias in the association with asthma at age seven. Overall, 54% of the cohort moved at least once prior to age seven. Each move was separated by a median of 4 miles and associated with a median decrease of 4.4% in TRAP exposure, a 5.3% increase in greenspace, an improved deprivation index, and no change in the race index. Using the birth record address or the last known address instead of the annual address history resulted in exposure misclassification leading to a bias toward the null when associating the exposures with asthma. Using a single address to estimate environmental exposures and community-level characteristics over a time period may result in differential assessment error.
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Four (80%) of the included articles explored the impact of residential mobility on exposure assessment.
“Four (80%) of the included articles explored the impact of residential mobility on exposure assessment; that is, whether patients’ moving impacted the results of studies looking at environmental outcomes.15,16,56,57”
From The quality of social determinants data in the electronic health record: a systematic review (2021) · cites this paper as [16]
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The quality of social determinants data in the electronic health record: a systematic review
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“An Ohio study examined traffic-related air pollution, greenspace, and community-level characteristics among children from birth through age seven in relation to asthma (Brokamp et al., 2016) and a Finnish study examined background radiation exposure among children in relation to childhood leukemia (Nikkilä et al.”
BackgroundAgache, I., Balbin‐Ramon, G. J., Saenz, F. K. F., Sola‐Arnau, I., Alonso‐Coello, P., Haahtela, T., Traidl‐Hoffmann, C., O'Mahony, L., Damialis, A., Lauerma, A., et al. (2025) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/all.16653 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
- Authors
- Brokamp, C., LeMasters, G. K., & Ryan, P. H.
- Affiliations
- University of Cincinnati (US)
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ryan, Patrick H
- Venue
- Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology
- Published
- 2016-03-09
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 428-434
- ISSN
- 1559-0631 (ISSN-L)
- 1559-064X
- PMC
- PMC4913165
- OpenAlex
- W2296355421
- Cited by
- 107
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 5.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R01ES019890, R01ES011170)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Environmental Justice and Health Disparities
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Keywords
- residential mobility, environmental exposure assessment, traffic-related air pollution, green spaces, neighborhood disadvantage, race, childhood asthma, exposure misclassification, exposure bias, land use regression, satellite imagery
- MeSH terms
- Air Pollutants, Air Pollution, Asthma, Vehicle Emissions, Child, Child, Preschool, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Kentucky, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Ohio, Population Dynamics, Residence Characteristics, Socioeconomic Factors, Bias, Proportional Hazards Models, Geographic Information Systems
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