Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 287

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies six novel loci associated with habitual coffee consumption

Open access
The Coffee and Caffeine Genetics Consortium, Cornelis, M C, Byrne, E M, Esko, T, Nalls, M A, Ganna, A, Paynter, N, Monda, K L, Amin, N, Fischer, K, Renstrom, F, Ngwa, J S, Huikari, V, Cavadino, A, Nolte, I M, Teumer, A, Yu, K, Marques-Vidal, P, Rawal, R, Manichaikul, A, Wojczynski, M K, Vink, J M, Zhao, J H, Burlutsky, G, Lahti, J, Mikkilä, V, Lemaitre, R N, Eriksson, J, Musani, S K, Tanaka, T, Geller, F, Luan, J, Hui, J, Mägi, R, Dimitriou, M, Garcia, M E, Ho, W-K, Wright, M J, Rose, L M, Magnusson, P K E, Pedersen, N L, Couper, D, Oostra, B A, Hofman, A, Ikram, M A, Tiemeier, H W, Uitterlinden, A G, van Rooij, F J A, Barroso, I, Johansson, I, Xue, L, Kaakinen, M, Milani, L, Power, C, Snieder, H, Stolk, R P, Baumeister, S E, Biffar, R, Gu, F, Bastardot, F, Kutalik, Z, Jacobs, D R, Forouhi, N G, Mihailov, E, Lind, L, Lindgren, C, Michaëlsson, K, Morris, A, Jensen, M, Khaw, K-T, Luben, R N, Wang, J J, Männistö, S, Perälä, M-M, Kähönen, M, Lehtimäki, T, Viikari, J, Mozaffarian, D, Mukamal, K, Psaty, B M, Döring, A, Heath, A C, Montgomery, G W, Dahmen, N, Carithers, T, Tucker, K L, Ferrucci, L, Boyd, H A, Melbye, M, Treur, J L, Mellström, D, Hottenga, J J, Prokopenko, I, Tönjes, A, Deloukas, P, Kanoni, S, Lorentzon, M, Houston, D K, Liu, Y, Danesh, J, Rasheed, A, Mason, M A, Zonderman, A B, Franke, L, Kristal, B S, International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium (IPDGC), North American Brain Expression Consortium (NABEC), UK Brain Expression Consortium (UKBEC), Karjalainen, J, Reed, D R, Westra, H-J, Evans, M K, Saleheen, D, Harris, T B, Dedoussis, G, Curhan, G, Stumvoll, M, Beilby, J, Pasquale, L R, Feenstra, B, Bandinelli, S, Ordovas, J M, Chan, A T, Peters, U, Ohlsson, C, Gieger, C, Martin, N G, Waldenberger, M, Siscovick, D S, Raitakari, O, Eriksson, J G, Mitchell, P, Hunter, D J, Kraft, P, Rimm, E B, Boomsma, D I, Borecki, I B, Loos, R J F, Wareham, N J, Vollenweider, P, Caporaso, N, Grabe, H J, Neuhouser, M L, Wolffenbuttel, B H R, Hu, F B, Hyppönen, E, Järvelin, M-R, Cupples, L A, Franks, P W, Ridker, P M, van Duijn, C M, Heiss, G, Metspalu, A, North, K E, Ingelsson, E, Nettleton, J A, van Dam, R M, Chasman, D I·2015·Molecular Psychiatry
DOI 10.1038/mp.2014.107
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Coffee, a major dietary source of caffeine, is among the most widely consumed beverages in the world and has received considerable attention regarding health risks and benefits. We conducted a genome-wide (GW) meta-analysis of predominately regular-type coffee consumption (cups per day) among up to 91 462 coffee consumers of European ancestry with top single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) followed-up in ~30 062 and 7964 coffee consumers of European and African-American ancestry, respectively. Studies from both stages were combined in a trans-ethnic meta-analysis. Confirmed loci were examined for putative functional and biological relevance. Eight loci, including six novel loci, met GW significance (log10Bayes factor (BF)>5.64) with per-allele effect sizes of 0.03–0.14 cups per day. Six are located in or near genes potentially involved in pharmacokinetics (ABCG2, AHR, POR and CYP1A2) and pharmacodynamics (BDNF and SLC6A4) of caffeine. Two map to GCKR and MLXIPL genes related to metabolic traits but lacking known roles in coffee consumption. Enhancer and promoter histone marks populate the regions of many confirmed loci and several potential regulatory SNPs are highly correlated with the lead SNP of each. SNP alleles near GCKR, MLXIPL, BDNF and CYP1A2 that were associated with higher coffee consumption have previously been associated with smoking initiation, higher adiposity and fasting insulin and glucose but lower blood pressure and favorable lipid, inflammatory and liver enzyme profiles (P<5 × 10−8).Our genetic findings among European and African-American adults reinforce the role of caffeine in mediating habitual coffee consumption and may point to molecular mechanisms underlying inter-individual variability in pharmacological and health effects of coffee.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/mp.2014.107

Cites

9 of 9 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 9 references

Cited by

See all 287

Metadata

Authors
The Coffee and Caffeine Genetics Consortium, Cornelis, M. C., Byrne, E. M., Esko, T., Nalls, M. A., Ganna, A., Paynter, N., Monda, K. L., Amin, N., Fischer, K., Renstrom, F., Ngwa, J. S., Huikari, V, Cavadino, A., Nolte, I. M., Teumer, A., Yu, K., Marques-Vidal, P., Rawal, R., Manichaikul, A., Wojczynski, M. K., Vink, J. M., Zhao, J. H., Burlutsky, G., Lahti, J., Mikkilä, V, Lemaitre, R. N., Eriksson, J., Musani, S. K., Tanaka, T., Geller, F., Luan, J., Hui, J., Mägi, R., Dimitriou, M., Garcia, M. E., Ho, W.-K., Wright, M. J., Rose, L. M., Magnusson, P. K. E., Pedersen, N. L., Couper, D., Oostra, B. A., Hofman, A., Ikram, M. A., Tiemeier, H. W., Uitterlinden, A. G., van Rooij, F. J. A., Barroso, I., Johansson, I., Xue, L., Kaakinen, M., Milani, L., Power, C., Snieder, H., Stolk, R. P., Baumeister, S. E., Biffar, R., Gu, F., Bastardot, F., Kutalik, Z., Jacobs, D. R., Forouhi, N. G., Mihailov, E., Lind, L., Lindgren, C., Michaëlsson, K., Morris, A., Jensen, M., Khaw, K.-T., Luben, R. N., Wang, J. J., Männistö, S., Perälä, M.-M., Kähönen, M., Lehtimäki, T., Viikari, J., Mozaffarian, D., Mukamal, K., Psaty, B. M., Döring, A., Heath, A. C., Montgomery, G. W., Dahmen, N., Carithers, T., Tucker, K. L., Ferrucci, L., Boyd, H. A., Melbye, M., Treur, J. L., Mellström, D., Hottenga, J. J., Prokopenko, I., Tönjes, A., Deloukas, P., Kanoni, S., Lorentzon, M., Houston, D. K., Liu, Y., Danesh, J., Rasheed, A., Mason, M. A., Zonderman, A. B., Franke, L., Kristal, B. S., International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium (IPDGC), North American Brain Expression Consortium (NABEC), UK Brain Expression Consortium (UKBEC), Karjalainen, J., Reed, D. R., Westra, H.-J., Evans, M. K., Saleheen, D., Harris, T. B., Dedoussis, G., Curhan, G., Stumvoll, M., Beilby, J., Pasquale, L. R., Feenstra, B., Bandinelli, S., Ordovas, J. M., Chan, A. T., Peters, U., Ohlsson, C., Gieger, C., Martin, N. G., Waldenberger, M., Siscovick, D. S., Raitakari, O., Eriksson, J. G., Mitchell, P., Hunter, D. J., Kraft, P., Rimm, E. B., Boomsma, D. I., Borecki, I. B., Loos, R. J. F., Wareham, N. J., Vollenweider, P., Caporaso, N., Grabe, H. J., Neuhouser, M. L., Wolffenbuttel, B. H. R., Hu, F. B., Hyppönen, E., Järvelin, M.-R., Cupples, L. A., Franks, P. W., Ridker, P. M., van Duijn, C. M., Heiss, G., Metspalu, A., North, K. E., Ingelsson, E., Nettleton, J. A., van Dam, R. M., & Chasman, D. I.
Venue
Molecular Psychiatry
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2014-10-07
Volume
20
Issue
5
Pages
647-656
ISSN
  • 1359-4184 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-5578
DOI
10.1038/mp.2014.107
OpenAlex
W2166267940
Cited by
287
References
9
FWCI
11.26
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies six novel loci associated with habitual coffee consumption. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/mp.2014.107
The paper
The Coffee and Caffeine Genetics Consortium, Cornelis, M. C., Byrne, E. M., Esko, T., Nalls, M. A., Ganna, A., Paynter, N., Monda, K. L., Amin, N., Fischer, K., Renstrom, F., Ngwa, J. S., Huikari, V, Cavadino, A., Nolte, I. M., Teumer, A., Yu, K., Marques-Vidal, P., Rawal, R., . . . Chasman, D. I. (2015). Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies six novel loci associated with habitual coffee consumption. Molecular Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2014.107

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.