Presynaptic activity regulates Na+ channel distribution at the axon initial segment
Abstract
Deprivation of afferent inputs in neural circuits leads to diverse plastic changes in both pre- and postsynaptic elements that restore neural activity. The axon initial segment (AIS) is the site at which neural signals arise, and should be the most efficient site to regulate neural activity. However, none of the plasticity currently known involves the AIS. We report here that deprivation of auditory input in an avian brainstem auditory neuron leads to an increase in AIS length, thus augmenting the excitability of the neuron. The length of the AIS, defined by the distribution of voltage-gated Na(+) channels and the AIS anchoring protein, increased by 1.7 times in seven days after auditory input deprivation. This was accompanied by an increase in the whole-cell Na(+) current, membrane excitability and spontaneous firing. Our work demonstrates homeostatic regulation of the AIS, which may contribute to the maintenance of the auditory pathway after hearing loss. Furthermore, plasticity at the spike initiation site suggests a powerful pathway for refining neuronal computation in the face of strong sensory deprivation.
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The length of the axonal initial segment (AIS) is related to neuronal maturation and to some pathologic conditions.
“The axonal initial segment (AIS) is also a dynamic structure, the length of which is related to neuronal maturation (Gutzmann et al., 2014;Bolós et al., 2019) and also to some pathologic conditions (Kuba et al., 2010;Baalman et al., 2013;Harty et al., 2013).”
From Perineuronal Nets Regulate the Inhibitory Perisomatic Input onto Parvalbumin Interneurons and γ Activity in the Prefrontal Cortex (2020) · cites this paper as Kuba et al., 2010
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- Authors
- Kuba, H., Oichi, Y., & Ohmori, H.
- Affiliations
- Kyoto University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Kuba, Hiroshi
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2010-06
- Volume
- 465
- Issue
- 7301
- Pages
- 1075-1078
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2092166405
- Cited by
- 436
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 11.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (20220008)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion channel regulation and function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- axon initial segment, voltage-gated sodium channels, intrinsic excitability, auditory neurons, hearing loss, homeostatic plasticity, hippocampal neurons, presynaptic activity
- MeSH terms
- Acoustic Stimulation, Action Potentials, Animals, Axons, Birds, Brain Stem, Cochlea, Homeostasis, Models, Neurological, Synaptic Transmission, Neuronal Plasticity, Neurons, Afferent, Time Factors, Tympanic Membrane, Sodium Channels, Presynaptic Terminals, Hearing Loss, Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2
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