Cited by 442Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchAxon Guidance and Neuronal SignalingIon channel regulation and function

The axon initial segment and the maintenance of neuronal polarity

Rasband, Matthew N.·2010·Nature Reviews Neuroscience

Abstract

Ion channel clustering at the axon initial segment (AIS) and nodes of Ranvier has been suggested to be a key evolutionary innovation that enabled the development of the complex vertebrate nervous system. This innovation epitomizes a signature feature of neurons, namely polarity. The mechanisms that establish neuronal polarity, channel clustering and axon-dendrite identity during development are becoming clearer. However, much less is known about how polarity is maintained throughout life. Here, I review the role of the AIS in the development and maintenance of neuronal polarity and discuss how disrupted polarity may be a common component of many diseases and injuries that affect the nervous system.

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Crossref · 10.1038/nrn2852

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Authors
Rasband, M. N.
Affiliations
Baylor College of Medicine (US)
Corresponding author
Rasband, Matthew N.
Venue
Nature Reviews Neuroscience
Published
2010-07-14
Volume
11
Issue
8
Pages
552-562
ISSN
  • 1471-003X (ISSN-L)
  • 1471-0048
OpenAlex
W2044098590
Cited by
442
References
96
Citations by year
2026: 20 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 33
FWCI
2.55
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nature reviews. Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS 044916)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion channel regulation and function
Keywords
axon initial segment, neuronal polarity, nodes of Ranvier, ion channel clustering, axon development, neurological disorders, nervous system injury
MeSH terms
Animals, Axons, Humans, Nervous System Diseases, Neurons, Cell Polarity

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