Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 1,698

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The landscape of cancer genes and mutational processes in breast cancer

Open access
The Oslo Breast Cancer Consortium (OSBREAC), Stephens, Philip J., Tarpey, Patrick S., Davies, Helen, Van Loo, Peter, Greenman, Chris, Wedge, David C., Nik-Zainal, Serena, Martin, Sancha, Varela, Ignacio, Bignell, Graham R., Yates, Lucy R., Papaemmanuil, Elli, Beare, David, Butler, Adam, Cheverton, Angela, Gamble, John, Hinton, Jonathan, Jia, Mingming, Jayakumar, Alagu, Jones, David, Latimer, Calli, Lau, King Wai, McLaren, Stuart, McBride, David J., Menzies, Andrew, Mudie, Laura, Raine, Keiran, Rad, Roland, Spencer Chapman, Michael, Teague, Jon, Easton, Douglas, Langerød, Anita, Lee, Ming Ta Michael, Shen, Chen-Yang, Tee, Benita Tan Kiat, Huimin, Bernice Wong, Broeks, Annegien, Vargas, Ana Cristina, Turashvili, Gulisa, Martens, John, Fatima, Aquila, Miron, Penelope, Chin, Suet-Feung, Thomas, Gilles, Boyault, Sandrine, Mariani, Odette, Lakhani, Sunil R., van de Vijver, Marc, van ‘t Veer, Laura, Foekens, John, Desmedt, Christine, Sotiriou, Christos, Tutt, Andrew, Caldas, Carlos, Reis-Filho, Jorge S., Aparicio, Samuel A. J. R., Salomon, Anne Vincent, Børresen-Dale, Anne-Lise, Richardson, Andrea L., Campbell, Peter J., Futreal, P. Andrew, Stratton, Michael R.·2012·Nature

Abstract

All cancers carry somatic mutations in their genomes. A subset, known as driver mutations, confer clonal selective advantage on cancer cells and are causally implicated in oncogenesis, and the remainder are passenger mutations. The driver mutations and mutational processes operative in breast cancer have not yet been comprehensively explored. Here we examine the genomes of 100 tumours for somatic copy number changes and mutations in the coding exons of protein-coding genes. The number of somatic mutations varied markedly between individual tumours. We found strong correlations between mutation number, age at which cancer was diagnosed and cancer histological grade, and observed multiple mutational signatures, including one present in about ten per cent of tumours characterized by numerous mutations of cytosine at TpC dinucleotides. Driver mutations were identified in several new cancer genes including AKT2, ARID1B, CASP8, CDKN1B, MAP3K1, MAP3K13, NCOR1, SMARCD1 and TBX3. Among the 100 tumours, we found driver mutations in at least 40 cancer genes and 73 different combinations of mutated cancer genes. The results highlight the substantial genetic diversity underlying this common disease.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/nature11017

Cites

5 of 5 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 5 references

Cited by

See all 1,698

Metadata

Authors
The Oslo Breast Cancer Consortium (OSBREAC), Stephens, P. J., Tarpey, P. S., Davies, H., Van Loo, P., Greenman, C., Wedge, D. C., Nik-Zainal, S., Martin, S., Varela, I., Bignell, G. R., Yates, L. R., Papaemmanuil, E., Beare, D., Butler, A., Cheverton, A., Gamble, J., Hinton, J., Jia, M., Jayakumar, A., Jones, D., Latimer, C., Lau, K. W., McLaren, S., McBride, D. J., Menzies, A., Mudie, L., Raine, K., Rad, R., Spencer Chapman, M., Teague, J., Easton, D., Langerød, A., Lee, M. T. M., Shen, C.-Y., Tee, B. T. K., Huimin, B. W., Broeks, A., Vargas, A. C., Turashvili, G., Martens, J., Fatima, A., Miron, P., Chin, S.-F., Thomas, G., Boyault, S., Mariani, O., Lakhani, S. R., van de Vijver, M., van ‘t Veer, L., Foekens, J., Desmedt, C., Sotiriou, C., Tutt, A., Caldas, C., Reis-Filho, J. S., Aparicio, S. A. J. R., Salomon, A. V., Børresen-Dale, A.-L., Richardson, A. L., Campbell, P. J., Futreal, P. A., & Stratton, M. R.
Venue
Nature
Published
2012-05-16
Volume
486
Issue
7403
Pages
400-404
ISSN
  • 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-4687
OpenAlex
W1979946545
Cited by
1,698
References
5
FWCI
61.55
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The landscape of cancer genes and mutational processes in breast cancer. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/nature11017
The paper
The Oslo Breast Cancer Consortium (OSBREAC), Stephens, P. J., Tarpey, P. S., Davies, H., Van Loo, P., Greenman, C., Wedge, D. C., Nik-Zainal, S., Martin, S., Varela, I., Bignell, G. R., Yates, L. R., Papaemmanuil, E., Beare, D., Butler, A., Cheverton, A., Gamble, J., Hinton, J., Jia, M., . . . Stratton, M. R. (2012). The landscape of cancer genes and mutational processes in breast cancer. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11017

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.