Recent Antarctic Peninsula warming relative to Holocene climate and ice-shelf history
Abstract
Rapid warming over the past 50 years on the Antarctic Peninsula is associated with the collapse of a number of ice shelves and accelerating glacier mass loss. In contrast, warming has been comparatively modest over West Antarctica and significant changes have not been observed over most of East Antarctica, suggesting that the ice-core palaeoclimate records available from these areas may not be representative of the climate history of the Antarctic Peninsula. Here we show that the Antarctic Peninsula experienced an early-Holocene warm period followed by stable temperatures, from about 9,200 to 2,500 years ago, that were similar to modern-day levels. Our temperature estimates are based on an ice-core record of deuterium variations from James Ross Island, off the northeastern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. We find that the late-Holocene development of ice shelves near James Ross Island was coincident with pronounced cooling from 2,500 to 600 years ago. This cooling was part of a millennial-scale climate excursion with opposing anomalies on the eastern and western sides of the Antarctic Peninsula. Although warming of the northeastern Antarctic Peninsula began around 600 years ago, the high rate of warming over the past century is unusual (but not unprecedented) in the context of natural climate variability over the past two millennia. The connection shown here between past temperature and ice-shelf stability suggests that warming for several centuries rendered ice shelves on the northeastern Antarctic Peninsula vulnerable to collapse. Continued warming to temperatures that now exceed the stable conditions of most of the Holocene epoch is likely to cause ice-shelf instability to encroach farther southward along the Antarctic Peninsula.
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The Little Ice Age is not identifiable globally; it is most prominent in the Northern Hemisphere and absent from the Antarctic Peninsula.
“Besides, the Little Ice Age itself is not identifiable globally e it is most prominent in the Northern Hemisphere, and absent from the Antarctic Peninsula (Mulvaney et al., 2012).”
From When did the Anthropocene begin? A mid-twentieth century boundary level is stratigraphically optimal (2015) · cites this paper as Mulvaney et al., 2012
The Figure 4 caption says the Antarctic Peninsula did not experience a widespread Medieval Warm Period–Little Ice Age sequence comparable to Northern Hemisphere climate. That supports a regional difference, but not the claim that the Little Ice Age was wholly absent from the peninsula. The paper’s main text also reports pronounced cooling at James Ross Island during 1150–1550 AD; it does not establish a global assessment of the Little Ice Age. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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- Authors
- Mulvaney, R., Abram, N. J., Hindmarsh, R. C. A., Arrowsmith, C., Fleet, L., Triest, J., Sime, L. C., Alemany, O., & Foord, S.
- Affiliations
- British Antarctic Survey (GB)
- Australian National University (AU)
- Natural Environment Research Council (GB)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Mulvaney, Robert
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2012-08-22
- Volume
- 489
- Issue
- 7414
- Pages
- 141-144
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2106324800
- Cited by
- 356
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 16.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- NERC Open Research Archive (Natural Environment Research Council) (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Natural Environment Research Council (NE/F015526/1, bas0100024)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Cryospheric studies and observations
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Polar Research and Ecology
- Keywords
- Antarctic Peninsula warming, Holocene climate, ice shelf instability, ice shelf collapse, deuterium isotopes, James Ross Island, late Holocene cooling, millennial-scale climate variability, natural climate variability, glacier mass loss, 20th century warming, paleoclimate
- MeSH terms
- Antarctic Regions, Geography, Oceans and Seas, Seawater, Temperature, Geologic Sediments, Ice Cover, History, 15th Century, History, 16th Century, History, 17th Century, History, 18th Century, History, 19th Century, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, History, Ancient, History, Medieval, Global Warming
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