Using process diagrams for the graphical representation of biological networks
Abstract
With the increased interest in understanding biological networks, such as protein-protein interaction networks and gene regulatory networks, methods for representing and communicating such networks in both human- and machine-readable form have become increasingly important. Although there has been significant progress in machine-readable representation of networks, as exemplified by the Systems Biology Mark-up Language (SBML) (http://www.sbml.org) issues in human-readable representation have been largely ignored. This article discusses human-readable diagrammatic representations and proposes a set of notations that enhances the formality and richness of the information represented. The process diagram is a fully state transition-based diagram that can be translated into machine-readable forms such as SBML in a straightforward way. It is supported by CellDesigner, a diagrammatic network editing software (http://www.celldesigner.org/), and has been used to represent a variety of networks of various sizes (from only a few components to several hundred components).
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Pathway Tools software and CellDesigner pathway editor are developing support for BioPAX-based data exchange.
“The Pathway Tools software21 and CellDesigner pathway editor54 are developing support for BioPAX-based data exchange.”
From The BioPAX community standard for pathway data sharing (2010) · cites this paper as [54]
Cites
Hucka, M., Finney, A., Sauro, H. M., Bolouri, H., Doyle, J. C., Kitano, H., Arkin, A. P., Bornstein, B. J., Bray, D., Cornish-Bowden, A., et al. (2003) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btg015 · Cited by 3,060 · see citing works
Self-citationA comprehensive pathway map of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling
Oda, K., Matsuoka, Y., Funahashi, A., & Kitano, H. (2005) · Molecular Systems Biology · doi:10.1038/msb4100014 · Cited by 1,163 · see citing works
Self-citationThe PANTHER database of protein families, subfamilies, functions and pathways
Mi, H. (2004) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gki078 · Cited by 803 · see citing works
CellDesigner: a process diagram editor for gene-regulatory and biochemical networks
Funahashi, A., Morohashi, M., Kitano, H., & Tanimura, N. (2003) · BIOSILICO · doi:10.1016/s1478-5382(03)02370-9 · Cited by 631 · see citing works
Self-citationMolecular Interaction Map of the Mammalian Cell Cycle Control and DNA Repair Systems
Kohn, K. W. (1999) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.10.8.2703 · Cited by 550 · see citing works
Metabolic Syndrome and Robustness Tradeoffs
Kitano, H., Oda, K., Kimura, T., Matsuoka, Y., CSETE, M. E., Doyle, J. C., & Muramatsu, M. (2004) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.suppl_3.s6 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Self-citationA graphical notation for biochemical networks
Kitano, H. (2003) · BIOSILICO · doi:10.1016/s1478-5382(03)02380-1 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citationMolecular interaction maps as information organizers and simulation guides
Kohn, K. W. (2001) · Chaos An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science · doi:10.1063/1.1338126 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Cook, D. L., Farley, J. F., & Tapscott, S. J. (2001) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/gb-2001-2-4-research0012 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
The visual display of regulatory information and networks
Pirson, I., Fortemaison, N., Jacobs, C., et al. (2000) · Trends in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/s0962-8924(00)01817-1 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Molecular Interaction Map of a Macrophage
Oda, K., Kimura, T. E., Matsuoka, Y., et al. (2004) · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationMolecular Interaction Maps--A Diagrammatic Graphical Language for Bioregulatory Networks
Aladjem, M. I., Pasa, S., Parodi, S., Weinstein, J. N., Pommier, Y. G., & Kohn, K. W. (2004) · Science s STKE · doi:10.1126/stke.2222004pe8 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The systems biology graphical notation.
Novère, N. L., Hucka, M., Mi, H., Moodie, S., Schreiber, F., Sorokin, A., Demir, E., Wegner, K., Aladjem, M. I., Wimalaratne, S. M., et al. (2009) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.1558 · Cited by 903 · see citing works
Self-citationThe BioPAX community standard for pathway data sharing
Demir, E., Cary, M. P., Paley, S., Fukuda, K., Lemer, C., Vastrik, I., Wu, G., D'Eustachio, P., Schaefer, C., Luciano, J., et al. (2010) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.1666 · Cited by 745 · see citing works
“The Pathway Tools software 21 and CellDesigner pathway editor 54 are developing support for BioPAX-based data exchange.”
Physicochemical modelling of cell signalling pathways
Aldridge, B. B., Burke, J. M., Lauffenburger, D. A., & Sorger, P. K. (2006) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb1497 · Cited by 592 · see citing works
The Edinburgh human metabolic network reconstruction and its functional analysis
Ma, H., Sorokin, A., Mazein, A., Selkov, A., Selkov, E., Demin, O., & Goryanin, I. (2007) · Molecular Systems Biology · doi:10.1038/msb4100177 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Rules for Modeling Signal-Transduction Systems
Hlavacek, W. S., Faeder, J. R., Blinov, M. L., Posner, R. G., Hucka, M., & Fontana, W. (2006) · Science's STKE · doi:10.1126/stke.3442006re6 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Innovations in Genomics and Big Data Analytics for Personalized Medicine and Health Care: A Review
Hassan, M., Awan, F. M., Naz, A., deAndrés-Galiana, E. J., Alvarez, O., Cernea, A., Fernández-Brillet, L., Fernández-Martínez, J. L., & Kloczkowski, A. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23094645 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
“MIMs actually represent the physical and causal interactions based on knowledge based information among biological species in the form of networks [38].”
BackgroundModeling formalisms in Systems Biology
Machado, D., Costa, R. S., Rocha, M., Ferreira, E. C., Tidor, B., & Rocha, I. (2011) · AMB Express · doi:10.1186/2191-0855-1-45 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
A comprehensive modular map of molecular interactions in RB/E2F pathway
Calzone, L., Gelay, A., Zinovyev, A., Radvanyi, F., & Barillot, E. (2008) · Molecular Systems Biology · doi:10.1038/msb.2008.7 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Dissecting the energy metabolism in Mycoplasma pneumoniae through genome-scale metabolic modeling
Wodke, J. A. H., Puchałka, J., Lluch‐Senar, M., Marcos, J., Yus, E., Godinho, M., Gutiérrez‐Gallego, R., dos Santos, V. A. P. M., Serrano, L., Klipp, E., et al. (2013) · Molecular Systems Biology · doi:10.1038/msb.2013.6 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Theoretical and experimental analysis links isoform-specific ERK signalling to cell fate decisions
Schilling, M., Maiwald, T., Hengl, S., Winter, D., Kreutz, C., Kolch, W., Lehmann, W. D., Timmer, J., & Klingmüller, U. (2009) · Molecular Systems Biology · doi:10.1038/msb.2009.91 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
VisANT 3.0: new modules for pathway visualization, editing, prediction and construction
Hu, Z., Ng, D. M., Yamada, T., Chen, C., Kawashima, S., Mellor, J., Linghu, B., Kanehisa, M., Stuart, J. M., & DeLisi, C. (2007) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkm295 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Padala, R. R., Karnawat, R., Viswanathan, S. B., Thakkar, A. V., & Das, A. B. (2017) · Molecular BioSystems · doi:10.1039/c6mb00786d · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Sobotta, S., Raue, A., Huang, X., Vanlier, J., Jünger, A., Bohl, S., Albrecht, U., Hahnel, M. J., Wolf, S., Mueller, N. S., et al. (2017) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00775 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
- Authors
- Kitano, H., Funahashi, A., Matsuoka, Y., & Oda, K.
- Affiliations
- Systems Biology Institute (JP)
- Keio University (JP)
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Kitano, Hiroaki
- Venue
- Nature Biotechnology
- Published
- 2005-08
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 961-966
- ISSN
- 0733-222X (ISSN-L)
- 1087-0156
- 1546-1696
- OpenAlex
- W2045478141
- Cited by
- 483
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 14.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Biotechnology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Scientific Computing and Data Management
- Keywords
- process diagrams, state diagrams, SBML, CellDesigner, protein-protein interaction network, gene regulatory networks, diagrammatic notation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Computer Graphics, Computer Simulation, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Models, Biological, Transcription Factors, User-Computer Interface, Signal Transduction, Systems Biology
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review