Rates, distribution and implications of postzygotic mosaic mutations in autism spectrum disorder
Open accessAbstract
We systematically analyzed postzygotic mutations (PZMs) in whole-exome sequences from the largest collection of trios (5,947) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) available, including 282 unpublished trios, and performed resequencing using multiple independent technologies. We identified 7.5% of de novo mutations as PZMs, 83.3% of which were not described in previous studies. Damaging, nonsynonymous PZMs within critical exons of prenatally expressed genes were more common in ASD probands than controls (P < 1 × 10-6), and genes carrying these PZMs were enriched for expression in the amygdala (P = 5.4 × 10-3). Two genes (KLF16 and MSANTD2) were significantly enriched for PZMs genome-wide, and other PZMs involved genes (SCN2A, HNRNPU and SMARCA4) whose mutation is known to cause ASD or other neurodevelopmental disorders. PZMs constitute a significant proportion of de novo mutations and contribute importantly to ASD risk.
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Recent studies have identified DOCK4 variations associated with ASD, including single nucleotide variations and chromosome microdeletions or duplications.
“Recent studies have identified a number of DOCK4 variations associated with ASD, including both single nucleotide variations (SNVs) and chromosome microdeletions or duplications (Supplementary Table 1) 18–26.”
From Autism-like social deficit generated by Dock4 deficiency is rescued by restoration of Rac1 activity and NMDA receptor function. (2021) · cites this paper as [25]
The Introduction discusses copy-number variants and point mutations associated with ASD generally, but does not identify DOCK4. Searches of our copy for DOCK4 and DOCK4-associated SNVs, microdeletions, and duplications returned no passage addressing the gene-specific claim. No page numbers were supplied for these passages. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn humans, mutations in MAPK3 and TAOK2 but not in KCTD13 have been found in ASD cases.
“In humans, mutations in MAPK3 [92] and TAOK2 [93, 94] but not in KCTD13 [85, 95] have been found in ASD cases.”
From 16p11.2 Copy Number Variations and Neurodevelopmental Disorders (2020) · cites this paper as [93]
LoF variants in TAOK2 are identified in ASD probands, however it is not a top-ranking ASD risk factor by large genetic screening.
“LoF variants in TAOK2 are identified in ASD probands [93, 94], however it is not a top-ranking ASD risk factor by large genetic screening [85].”
From 16p11.2 Copy Number Variations and Neurodevelopmental Disorders (2020) · cites this paper as [93]
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- Authors
- Lim, E. T., Uddin, M., De Rubeis, S., Chan, Y., Kamumbu, A. S., Zhang, X., D'Gama, A. M., Kim, S. N., Hill, R. S., Goldberg, A. P., Poultney, C., Minshew, N. J., Kushima, I., Aleksic, B., Ozaki, N., Parellada, M., Arango, C., Penzol, M. J., Carracedo, A., Kolevzon, A., Hultman, C. M., Weiss, L. A., Fromer, M., Chiocchetti, A. G., Freitag, C. M., Autism Sequencing Consortium, Church, G. M., Scherer, S. W., Buxbaum, J. D., & Walsh, C. A.
- Affiliations
- Broad Institute (US)
- Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (AE)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Nagoya University (JP)
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid (ES)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Lim, Elaine T
- Walsh, Christopher A
- ORCID
- Lim, Elaine T
- Uddin, Mohammed
- Chan, Yingleong
- Zhang, Xiaochang
- Kim, Sonia N
- Goldberg, Arthur P
- Minshew, Nancy J
- Kushima, Itaru
- Aleksic, Branko
- Ozaki, Norio
- Parellada, Mara
- Arango, Celso
- Kolevzon, Alexander
- Hultman, Christina M
- Weiss, Lauren A
- Fromer, Menachem
- Chiocchetti, Andreas G
- Freitag, Christine M
- Church, George M
- Scherer, Stephen W
- Buxbaum, Joseph D
- Walsh, Christopher A
- Venue
- Nature Neuroscience
- Published
- 2017-07-17
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1217-1224
- ISSN
- 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1726
- PMC
- PMC5672813
- OpenAlex
- W2734527849
- Cited by
- 299
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 8
- FWCI
- 18.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2020-07-14)
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Nature Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Use Siena air (University of Siena) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Autism Speaks
- Amgen
- AstraZeneca
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Fundación Alicia Koplowitz
- Genome Canada
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
- Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative
- Fundación María José Jove
- Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (PI13/01136)
- University of Toronto
- Hospital for Sick Children
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental
- National Institutes of Health (1s10od018522-01, 5rc2mh089952-02, PI13/01136, 1rc2hl103010-01, 1s10rr028832-01)
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI13/01136)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL 102923, RC2HL102925, HL-102924, HL-102925, RC2HL102926, RC2HL102923, UC2HL102924, RC2HL-103010, UC2HL102925, HL 103010, UC2HL102923, UC2HL103010, RC2HL102924, UC2HL102926, HL-102926)
- National Institute of Mental Health (U01MH100209, R21MH106888, R01MH083565, U01MH111661, U01MH100229, R01MH097849, RC2-MH089952, U01MH106883, U01MH100239, R01MH106910, U01MH111662, R01MH113362, R01MH095797, U01MH100233)
- National Human Genome Research Institute (P50HG005550, RM1HG008525)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM007753, T32GM007226)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS032457)
- National Center for Research Resources (S10 RR028832, 1S10RR028832, 1S10RR028832-01)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (U54HD090255)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomics and Rare Diseases
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, de novo mutations, germline mutations, trios, amygdala, SMARCA4, KLF16, SCN2A, HNRNPU, neurodevelopmental disorders, mutation rate
- MeSH terms
- Autism Spectrum Disorder, Humans, Mosaicism, Genetic Variation, Zygote, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Mutation, Missense, Databases, Genetic
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