The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
High-yield production of graphene by liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite
Open accessAbstract
Fully exploiting the properties of graphene will require a method for the mass production of this remarkable material. Two main routes are possible: large-scale growth or large-scale exfoliation. Here, we demonstrate graphene dispersions with concentrations up to approximately 0.01 mg ml(-1), produced by dispersion and exfoliation of graphite in organic solvents such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone. This is possible because the energy required to exfoliate graphene is balanced by the solvent-graphene interaction for solvents whose surface energies match that of graphene. We confirm the presence of individual graphene sheets by Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. Our method results in a monolayer yield of approximately 1 wt%, which could potentially be improved to 7-12 wt% with further processing. The absence of defects or oxides is confirmed by X-ray photoelectron, infrared and Raman spectroscopies. We are able to produce semi-transparent conducting films and conducting composites. Solution processing of graphene opens up a range of potential large-area applications, from device and sensor fabrication to liquid-phase chemistry.
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Cites
Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films
Novoselov, K. S., Geim, A. K., Morozov, S. V., Jiang, D., Zhang, Y., Dubonos, S. V., Grigorieva, I. V., & Firsov, A. A. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1102896 · Cited by 66,834
Geim, A. K., & Novoselov, K. S. (2007) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/nmat1849 · Cited by 39,979
Two-dimensional gas of massless Dirac fermions in graphene
Novoselov, K. S., Geim, A. K., Morozov, S. V., Jiang, D., Katsnelson, M. I., Grigorieva, I. V., Dubonos, S. V., & Firsov, A. A. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04233 · Cited by 21,611
Experimental observation of the quantum Hall effect and Berry's phase in graphene
Zhang, Y., Tan, Y.-W., Stormer, H. L., & Kim, P. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04235 · Cited by 13,435
Graphene-based composite materials
Stankovich, S., Dikin, D. A., Dommett, G. H. B., Kohlhaas, K. M., Zimney, E. J., Stach, E. A., Piner, R. D., Nguyen, S. T., & Ruoff, R. S. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04969 · Cited by 12,922
Two-dimensional atomic crystals
Novoselov, K. S., Jiang, D., Schedin, F., Booth, T. J., Khotkevich, V. V., Morozov, S. V., & Geim, A. K. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0502848102 · Cited by 11,788
Cited by
Electronics and optoelectronics of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides
Wang, Q. H., Kalantar-Zadeh, K., Kis, A., Coleman, J. N., & Strano, M. S. (2012) · Nature Nanotechnology · doi:10.1038/nnano.2012.193 · Cited by 16,374
Self-citationGraphene: Status and Prospects
Geim, A. K. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1158877 · Cited by 13,942
The chemistry of two-dimensional layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets
Chhowalla, M., Shin, H. S., Eda, G., Li, L.-J., Loh, K. P., & Zhang, H. (2013) · Nature Chemistry · doi:10.1038/nchem.1589 · Cited by 10,034
Graphene/Polymer Nanocomposites
Kim, H., Abdala, A. A., & Macosko, C. W. (2010) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma100572e · Cited by 3,406
Self-Assembled Graphene Hydrogel via a One-Step Hydrothermal Process
Xu, Y., Sheng, K., Li, C., & Shi, G. (2010) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn101187z · Cited by 3,251
Metadata
- Authors
- Hernandez, Y., Nicolosi, V., Lotya, M., Blighe, F. M., Sun, Z., De, S., McGovern, I. T., Holland, B., Byrne, M., Gun'Ko, Y. K., Boland, J. J., Niraj, P., Duesberg, G., Krishnamurthy, S., Goodhue, R., Hutchison, J., Scardaci, V., Ferrari, A. C., & Coleman, J. N.
- Venue
- Nature Nanotechnology
- Published
- 2008-08-10
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 563-568
- ISSN
- 1748-3387 (ISSN-L)
- 1748-3395
- OpenAlex
- W2125612486
- Cited by
- 6,285
- References
- 6
- FWCI
- 100.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Hernandez, Y., Nicolosi, V., Lotya, M., Blighe, F. M., Sun, Z., De, S., McGovern, I. T., Holland, B., Byrne, M., Gun'Ko, Y. K., Boland, J. J., Niraj, P., Duesberg, G., Krishnamurthy, S., Goodhue, R., Hutchison, J., Scardaci, V., Ferrari, A. C., & Coleman, J. N. (2008). High-yield production of graphene by liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite. Nature Nanotechnology. https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2008.215
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
