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Cited by 1,026

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Femtosecond diffractive imaging with a soft-X-ray free-electron laser

Open access
Chapman, Henry N., Barty, Anton, Bogan, Michael J., Boutet, Sébastien, Frank, Matthias, Hau-Riege, Stefan P., Marchesini, Stefano, Woods, Bruce W., Bajt, Saša, Benner, W. Henry, London, Richard A., Plönjes, Elke, Kuhlmann, Marion, Treusch, Rolf, Düsterer, Stefan, Tschentscher, Thomas, Schneider, Jochen R., Spiller, Eberhard, Möller, Thomas, Bostedt, Christoph, Hoener, Matthias, Shapiro, David A., Hodgson, Keith O., van der Spoel, David, Burmeister, Florian, Bergh, Magnus, Caleman, Carl, Huldt, Gösta, Seibert, M. Marvin, Maia, Filipe R. N. C., Lee, Richard W., Szöke, Abraham, Timneanu, Nicusor, Hajdu, Janos·2006·Nature Physics

Abstract

Theory predicts1,2,3,4 that, with an ultrashort and extremely bright coherent X-ray pulse, a single diffraction pattern may be recorded from a large macromolecule, a virus or a cell before the sample explodes and turns into a plasma. Here we report the first experimental demonstration of this principle using the FLASH soft-X-ray free-electron laser. An intense 25 fs, 4×1013 W cm−2 pulse, containing 1012 photons at 32 nm wavelength, produced a coherent diffraction pattern from a nanostructured non-periodic object, before destroying it at 60,000 K. A novel X-ray camera assured single-photon detection sensitivity by filtering out parasitic scattering and plasma radiation. The reconstructed image, obtained directly from the coherent pattern by phase retrieval through oversampling5,6,7,8,9, shows no measurable damage, and is reconstructed at the diffraction-limited resolution. A three-dimensional data set may be assembled from such images when copies of a reproducible sample are exposed to the beam one by one10.

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Metadata

Authors
Chapman, H. N., Barty, A., Bogan, M. J., Boutet, S., Frank, M., Hau-Riege, S. P., Marchesini, S., Woods, B. W., Bajt, S., Benner, W. H., London, R. A., Plönjes, E., Kuhlmann, M., Treusch, R., Düsterer, S., Tschentscher, T., Schneider, J. R., Spiller, E., Möller, T., Bostedt, C., Hoener, M., Shapiro, D. A., Hodgson, K. O., van der Spoel, D., Burmeister, F., Bergh, M., Caleman, C., Huldt, G., Seibert, M. M., Maia, F. R. N. C., Lee, R. W., Szöke, A., Timneanu, N., & Hajdu, J.
Venue
Nature Physics
Published
2006-11-12
Volume
2
Issue
12
Pages
839-843
ISSN
  • 1745-2473 (ISSN-L)
  • 1745-2481
OpenAlex
W2159759190
Cited by
1,026
References
1
FWCI
57.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Femtosecond diffractive imaging with a soft-X-ray free-electron laser. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/nphys461
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Chapman, H. N., Barty, A., Bogan, M. J., Boutet, S., Frank, M., Hau-Riege, S. P., Marchesini, S., Woods, B. W., Bajt, S., Benner, W. H., London, R. A., Plönjes, E., Kuhlmann, M., Treusch, R., Düsterer, S., Tschentscher, T., Schneider, J. R., Spiller, E., Möller, T., . . . Hajdu, J. (2006). Femtosecond diffractive imaging with a soft-X-ray free-electron laser. Nature Physics. https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys461

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