The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Observation of Landau levels of Dirac fermions in graphite
Open accessAbstract
The unique electronic behaviour of monolayer and bilayer graphene1,2 is a result of the unusual quantum-relativistic characteristics of the so-called ‘Dirac fermions’ (DFs) that carry charge in these materials. Although DFs in monolayer graphene move as if they were massless, and in bilayer graphene they do so with non-zero mass, all DFs show chirality, which gives rise to an unusual Landau level (LL) energy spectrum3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11 and the observation of an anomalous quantum Hall effect in both types of graphene4,5,8. Here we report low-temperature scanning tunnelling spectra of graphite subjected to a magnetic field of up to 12 T, which provide the first direct observations of the LLs that produce such behaviour. Unexpectedly, we find evidence for the coexistence of both massless and massive DFs in graphite, and confirm the quantum-relativistic nature of these quasiparticles through the appearance of a zero-energy LL.
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Citations
Cites
Two-dimensional gas of massless Dirac fermions in graphene
Novoselov, K. S., Geim, A. K., Morozov, S. V., Jiang, D., Katsnelson, M. I., Grigorieva, I. V., Dubonos, S. V., & Firsov, A. A. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04233 · Cited by 21,611
Experimental observation of the quantum Hall effect and Berry's phase in graphene
Zhang, Y., Tan, Y.-W., Stormer, H. L., & Kim, P. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04235 · Cited by 13,435
Two-dimensional atomic crystals
Novoselov, K. S., Jiang, D., Schedin, F., Booth, T. J., Khotkevich, V. V., Morozov, S. V., & Geim, A. K. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0502848102 · Cited by 11,788
Landau-Level Degeneracy and Quantum Hall Effect in a Graphite Bilayer
McCann, E., & Fal’ko, V. I. (2006) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.96.086805 · Cited by 2,060
Electronic properties of disordered two-dimensional carbon
Peres, N. M. R., Guinea, F., & Castro Neto, A. H. (2006) · Physical Review B · doi:10.1103/physrevb.73.125411 · Cited by 1,445
Cited by
The electronic properties of graphene
Castro Neto, A. H., Guinea, F., Peres, N. M. R., Novoselov, K. S., & Geim, A. K. (2009) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.81.109 · Cited by 24,803
“18)(Novoselov et al., 2005a; Zhang et al., 2005), to infraredspe tros opy (Jiang et al., 2007a), and to s anning tun-neling spe tros opy (Li and Andrei, 2007) (STS) on agraphite surfa e.J.”
BackgroundProgress, Challenges, and Opportunities in Two-Dimensional Materials Beyond Graphene
Butler, S. Z., Hollen, S. M., Cao, L., Cui, Y., Gupta, J. A., Gutiérrez, H. R., Heinz, T. F., Hong, S. S., Huang, J., Ismach, A. F., et al. (2013) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn400280c · Cited by 4,878
Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy of Graphene on Graphite
Li, G., Luican, A., & Andrei, E. Y. (2009) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.102.176804 · Cited by 528
Self-citationObserving the Quantization of Zero Mass Carriers in Graphene
Miller, D. L., Kubista, K. D., Rutter, G. M., Ruan, M., de Heer, W. A., First, P. N., & Stroscio, J. A. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1171810 · Cited by 486
Hall quantization and optical conductivity evolution with variable Berry phase in theα−T3model
Illes, E., Carbotte, J. P., & Nicol, E. J. (2015) · Physical Review B · doi:10.1103/physrevb.92.245410 · Cited by 111
Metadata
- Authors
- Li, G., & Andrei, E. Y.
- Venue
- Nature Physics
- Published
- 2007-07-08
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 623-627
- ISSN
- 1745-2473 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-2481
- OpenAlex
- W2104467225
- Cited by
- 361
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 13.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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