The DOI matches its Crossref record; 188 of the 188 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Classifying the evolutionary and ecological features of neoplasms
Open accessAbstract
Neoplasms change over time through a process of cell-level evolution, driven by genetic and epigenetic alterations. However, the ecology of the microenvironment of a neoplastic cell determines which changes provide adaptive benefits. There is widespread recognition of the importance of these evolutionary and ecological processes in cancer, but to date, no system has been proposed for drawing clinically relevant distinctions between how different tumours are evolving. On the basis of a consensus conference of experts in the fields of cancer evolution and cancer ecology, we propose a framework for classifying tumours that is based on four relevant components. These are the diversity of neoplastic cells (intratumoural heterogeneity) and changes over time in that diversity, which make up an evolutionary index (Evo-index), as well as the hazards to neoplastic cell survival and the resources available to neoplastic cells, which make up an ecological index (Eco-index). We review evidence demonstrating the importance of each of these factors and describe multiple methods that can be used to measure them. Development of this classification system holds promise for enabling clinicians to personalize optimal interventions based on the evolvability of the patient's tumour. The Evo- and Eco-indices provide a common lexicon for communicating about how neoplasms change in response to interventions, with potential implications for clinical trials, personalized medicine and basic cancer research.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation
Hanahan, D., & Weinberg, R. A. (2011) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.02.013 · Cited by 66,590
PD-1 and PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint Blockade to Treat Breast Cancer
Hartkopf, A. D., Taran, F.-A., Wallwiener, M., Walter, C. B., Krämer, B., Grischke, E.-M., & Brucker, S. Y. (2016) · Breast Care · doi:10.1159/000453569 · Cited by 30,845
Understanding the Warburg Effect: The Metabolic Requirements of Cell Proliferation
Vander Heiden, M. G., Cantley, L. C., & Thompson, C. B. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1160809 · Cited by 16,197
Tumor angiogenesis: therapeutic implications
Sherwood, L. M., Parris, E. E., & Folkman, J. (1971) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm197111182852108 · Cited by 10,187
Genetic Distance between Populations
Nei, M. (1972) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/282771 · Cited by 9,731
Signatures of mutational processes in human cancer
Initiative, A. P. C. G., Alexandrov, L. B., ICGC Breast Cancer Consortium, ICGC MMML-Seq Consortium, PedBrain, I., Nik-Zainal, S., Wedge, D. C., Aparicio, S. A. J. R., Behjati, S., Biankin, A. V., et al. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12477 · Cited by 9,660
Self-citationVogelstein, B., Papadopoulos, N., Velculescu, V. E., Zhou, S., Diaz, L. A., & Kinzler, K. W. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1235122 · Cited by 7,863
Mutational landscape determines sensitivity to PD-1 blockade in non–small cell lung cancer
Rizvi, N. A., Hellmann, M. D., Snyder, A., Kvistborg, P., Makarov, V., Havel, J. J., Lee, W., Yuan, J., Wong, P., Ho, T. S., et al. (2015) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaa1348 · Cited by 7,802
Intratumor Heterogeneity and Branched Evolution Revealed by Multiregion Sequencing
Gerlinger, M., Rowan, A. J., Horswell, S., Larkin, J., Endesfelder, D., Gronroos, E., Martinez, P., Matthews, N., Stewart, A., Tarpey, P., et al. (2012) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1113205 · Cited by 7,774
Self-citationHighly parallel genome-wide expression profiling of individual cells using nanoliter droplets.
Macosko, E. Z., Basu, A., Satija, R., Nemesh, J., Shekhar, K., Goldman, M., Tirosh, I., Bialas, A. R., Kamitaki, N., Martersteck, E. M., et al. (2015) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.05.002 · Cited by 7,110
Cited by
A framework for advancing our understanding of cancer-associated fibroblasts
Sahai, E., Astsaturov, I., Cukierman, E., DeNardo, D. G., Egeblad, M., Evans, R. M., Fearon, D., Greten, F. R., Hingorani, S. R., Hunter, T., et al. (2020) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/s41568-019-0238-1 · Cited by 3,863
Targeting the tumour stroma to improve cancer therapy
Valkenburg, K. C., de Groot, A. E., & Pienta, K. J. (2018) · Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0007-1 · Cited by 1,084
Self-citationMolecular pathogenesis and systemic therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma
Llovet, J. M., Pinyol, R., Kelley, R. K., El-Khoueiry, A., Reeves, H. L., Wang, X. W., Gores, G. J., & Villanueva, A. (2022) · Nature Cancer · doi:10.1038/s43018-022-00357-2 · Cited by 498
Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Heterogeneity and DNA Repair Defects in Prostate Cancer
Paschalis, A., Sheehan, B., Riisnaes, R., Rodrigues, D. N., Gurel, B., Bertan, C., Ferreira, A., Lambros, M. B. K., Seed, G., Yuan, W., et al. (2019) · European Urology · doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2019.06.030 · Cited by 455
Tumor-on-a-chip: from bioinspired design to biomedical application
Liu, X., Fang, J., Huang, S., Wu, X., Xie, X., Wang, J., Liu, F., Zhang, M., Peng, Z., & Hu, N. (2021) · Microsystems & Nanoengineering · doi:10.1038/s41378-021-00277-8 · Cited by 246
Metadata
- Authors
- Maley, C. C., Aktipis, A., Graham, T. A., Sottoriva, A., Boddy, A. M., Janiszewska, M., Silva, A. S., Gerlinger, M., Yuan, Y., Pienta, K. J., Anderson, K. S., Gatenby, R., Swanton, C., Posada, D., Wu, C.-I., Schiffman, J. D., Hwang, E. S., Polyak, K., Anderson, A. R. A., Brown, J. S., Greaves, M., & Shibata, D.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Cancer
- Published
- 2017-09-15
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 605-619
- ISSN
- 1474-175X (ISSN-L)
- 1474-1768
- OpenAlex
- W2753965489
- Cited by
- 423
- References
- 188
- FWCI
- 4.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Classifying the evolutionary and ecological features of neoplasms. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/nrc.2017.69
- The paper
- Maley, C. C., Aktipis, A., Graham, T. A., Sottoriva, A., Boddy, A. M., Janiszewska, M., Silva, A. S., Gerlinger, M., Yuan, Y., Pienta, K. J., Anderson, K. S., Gatenby, R., Swanton, C., Posada, D., Wu, C.-I., Schiffman, J. D., Hwang, E. S., Polyak, K., Anderson, A. R. A., . . . Shibata, D. (2017). Classifying the evolutionary and ecological features of neoplasms. Nature Reviews Cancer. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc.2017.69
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
