The DOI matches its Crossref record; 25 of the 25 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Postmenopausal osteoporosis
Open accessAbstract
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder that is characterized by low bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue. Fractures of the proximal femur, the vertebrae and the distal radius are the most frequent osteoporotic fractures, although most fractures in the elderly are probably at least partly related to bone fragility. The incidence of fractures varies greatly by country, but on average up to 50% of women >50 years of age are at risk of fractures. Fractures severely affect the quality of life of an individual and are becoming a major public health problem owing to the ageing population. Postmenopausal osteoporosis, resulting from oestrogen deficiency, is the most common type of osteoporosis. Oestrogen deficiency results in an increase in bone turnover owing to effects on all types of bone cells. The imbalance in bone formation and resorption has effects on trabecular bone (loss of connectivity) and cortical bone (cortical thinning and porosity). Osteoporosis is diagnosed using bone density measurements of the lumbar spine and proximal femur. Preventive strategies to improve bone health include diet, exercise and abstaining from smoking. Fractures may be prevented by reducing falls in high-risk populations. Several drugs are licensed to reduce fracture risk by slowing down bone resorption (such as bisphosphonates and denosumab) or by stimulating bone formation (such as teriparatide). Improved understanding of the cellular basis for osteoporosis has resulted in new drugs targeted to key pathways, which are under development.
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Cites
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Self-citationDenosumab for Prevention of Fractures in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis
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Self-citationOnce-Yearly Zoledronic Acid for Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis
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Self-citationOsteoporosis: now and the future
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Self-citationEstrogen Resistance Caused by a Mutation in the Estrogen-Receptor Gene in a Man
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Cited by
Cheng, C.-H., Chen, L.-R., & Chen, K.-H. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23031376 · Cited by 595
Guo, M., Liu, H., Yu, Y., Zhu, X., Xie, H., Wei, C., Mei, C., Shi, Y., Zhou, N., Qin, K., et al. (2023) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2023.2190304 · Cited by 269
Skeletal changes during and after spaceflight
Vico, L., & Hargens, A. (2018) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2018.37 · Cited by 236
Iguacel, I., Miguel-Berges, M. L., Gómez-Bruton, A., Moreno, L. A., & Julián, C. (2019) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuy045 · Cited by 222
Gut microbiota alterations associated with reduced bone mineral density in older adults
Das, M., Cronin, O., Keohane, D. M., Cormac, E. M., Nugent, H., Nugent, M., Molloy, C., O’Toole, P. W., Shanahan, F., Molloy, M. G., et al. (2019) · Rheumatology · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kez302 · Cited by 185
Metadata
- Authors
- Eastell, R., O'Neill, T. W., Hofbauer, L. C., Langdahl, B., Reid, I. R., Gold, D. T., & Cummings, S. R.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Disease Primers
- Published
- 2016-09-29
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 16069-16069
- ISSN
- 2056-676X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4210657902
- Cited by
- 827
- References
- 25
- FWCI
- 6.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
