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Restoring sensorimotor function through intracortical interfaces: progress and looming challenges
Open accessAbstract
The loss of a limb or paralysis resulting from spinal cord injury has devastating consequences on quality of life. One approach to restoring lost sensory and motor abilities in amputees and patients with tetraplegia is to supply them with implants that provide a direct interface with the CNS. Such brain–machine interfaces might enable a patient to exert voluntary control over a prosthetic or robotic limb or over the electrically induced contractions of paralysed muscles. A parallel interface could convey sensory information about the consequences of these movements back to the patient. Recent developments in the algorithms that decode motor intention from neuronal activity and in approaches to convey sensory feedback by electrically stimulating neurons, using biomimetic and adaptation-based approaches, have shown the promise of invasive interfaces with sensorimotor cortices, although substantial challenges remain.
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“These flexible stimulators function by releasing (electrical and optical) signals into the brain,[272] spinal cord,[522] and periphery nerves[529] to achieve neural modulation for associated sensory perception and motor rehabilitation.”
From Flexible Electronics and Devices as Human–Machine Interfaces for Medical Robotics (2022) · cites this paper as [272]
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“In other studies, ICMS pulse trains have been transferred through implanted electrodes (UEAs) in a monkey for restoration of sensory feedback (Bensmaia and Miller, 2014; Chen et al., 2014; Kim et al., 2015).”
From Selectivity and Longevity of Peripheral-Nerve and Machine Interfaces: A Review. (2017) · cites this paper as Bensmaia and Miller, 2014
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“Subcutaneous invasive electrophysiological signals can be derived through brain interfaces,[270–272] using electrocorticography (ECoG)[273,274] on the cortical surface as well as local field potentials (LFP)[275,276] extracted from electrodes inserted into the cortex.”
From Flexible Electronics and Devices as Human–Machine Interfaces for Medical Robotics (2022) · cites this paper as [272]
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“Major strides have been made in the development of approaches to control these hands either by decoding motor intent from myoelectric signals (Fougner et al., 2012;Schultz and Kuiken, 2011) or from the activation of neurons in motor cortex (Bensmaia and Miller, 2014;Wodlinger et al., 2015).”
From Biomimetic approaches to bionic touch through a peripheral nerve interface (2015) · cites this paper as Bensmaia and Miller, 2014
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bensmaia, S. J., & Miller, L. E.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Miller, Lee E.
- ORCID
- Miller, Lee E.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Neuroscience
- Published
- 2014-04-17
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 313-325
- ISSN
- 1471-003X (ISSN-L)
- 1471-0048
- PMC
- PMC12278825
- OpenAlex
- W2074613775
- Semantic Scholar
- 8ef38d89080f639fcb493ec37ca04ea6b6c7f6dc
- Cited by
- 368
- References
- 197
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 43 · 2016: 43 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 9
- FWCI
- 4.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature reviews. Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01ns048845-09)
- U.S. Public Health Service (082865)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS-048845, R01-NS-048845, R01NS082865, R01NS053603, #NS053603)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Keywords
- sensorimotor cortex, prosthetic control, tetraplegia, spinal cord injury, amputation, motor intention decoding, sensory feedback, electrical stimulation of neurons
- MeSH terms
- Cerebral Cortex, Electric Stimulation, Humans, Movement, Paralysis, User-Computer Interface, Prostheses and Implants, Recovery of Function
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