Body fluid biomarkers for multiple sclerosis—the long road to clinical application
Open accessAbstract
There is a strong unmet clinical need for objective body fluid biomarkers to assist early diagnosis and estimate long-term prognosis, monitor treatment response and predict potential adverse effects in multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, we review recent studies (focusing on 2012 to early 2015) on body fluid markers in MS from the perspective of their clinical utility. Because the first step towards clinical implementation of a newly discovered biomarker is independent replication, we focus on biomarkers that have been validated in at least two independent cohorts. We also discuss recent data challenging earlier findings, and biomarkers for which new clinical uses are suggested. For early MS diagnosis and prediction of conversion from clinically isolated syndrome to MS, several new B-cell-associated candidate blood biomarkers have emerged. For prognosis, several novel axonal damage markers should be adopted to biomarker panels. The number of disease-modifying treatments for MS has increased sharply, but biomarkers for treatment response monitoring and adverse effect prediction are scarce, and markers for subtyping and staging of MS are still lacking. In view of the availability and implementation of several standardized protocols to optimize biomarker studies, we expect biomarker development for MS to be improved and accelerated, with clinical implementation in the near future.
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Novel CSF and body fluid biomarkers are associated with the development of MS in patients with CIS, including CSF IgM-OCBs, MRZ-specific IgG, kappa free light chains, CXCL13, chitinase-3-like protein 1 and neurofilament light chain.
“Research is also focused on novel CSF and body fluid biomarkers that are associated with the development of MS in patients with CIS including CSF IgM-OCBs, MRZspecific IgG, kappa free light chains, CXCL13, chitinase-3-like protein 1 and neurofilament light chain.79”
From Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: progress and challenges (2017) · cites this paper as [79]
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- Authors
- Teunissen, C. E., Malekzadeh, A., Leurs, C., Bridel, C., & Killestein, J.
- Affiliations
- Amsterdam Neuroscience (NL)
- University Hospital of Geneva (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Teunissen, Charlotte E.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Neurology
- Published
- 2015-09-22
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 585-596
- ISSN
- 1759-4758 (ISSN-L)
- 1759-4766
- OpenAlex
- W2210039948
- Cited by
- 106
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 2.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Polyomavirus and related diseases
- Keywords
- multiple sclerosis, body fluid biomarkers, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, blood biomarkers, early diagnosis, clinically isolated syndrome, conversion to multiple sclerosis, disease-modifying therapy, treatment response monitoring, prognosis, biomarker validation
- MeSH terms
- Body Fluids, Humans, Multiple Sclerosis, Prognosis, Biomarkers, Disease Progression, Early Diagnosis
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