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Developmental Trajectories of Overweight During Childhood: Role of Early Life Factors
Abstract
Objective: Our goal was to identify developmental trajectories of overweight in children and to assess early life influences on these trajectories. Research Methods and Procedures: Participants consisted of 1739 white, black, and Hispanic children who were younger than 2 years at the first survey and were followed up to 12 years of age. Repeated measures of overweight, defined as BMI ≥95th percentile, were used to identify overweight trajectories with a latent growth mixture modeling approach. Results: Three distinct overweight trajectories were identified: 1) early onset overweight (10.9%), 2) late onset overweight (5.2%), and 3) never overweight (83.9%). After adjustment for multiple potential risk factors, male gender [odds ratio (OR), 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0 to 2.2], black ethnicity (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1 to 2.6), maternal 25 ≤ BMI <30 kg/m 2 (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.3 to 3.7) or ≥30 kg/m 2 (OR, 5.1; 95% CI, 2.9 to 9.1), maternal weight gain during pregnancy ≥20.43 kg (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.0 to 2.9), and birth weight ≥4000 g (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.2 to 3.4) were associated with an increased risk of early onset overweight. These risk factors, except maternal weight gain, exerted similar effects on late onset overweight. In addition, maternal smoking (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 0.8 to 3.1) and birth order ≥3 (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.0 to 5.2) were associated with an increased risk of late onset overweight only. Breastfeeding ≥4 months was associated with a decreased risk of both early (OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.3 to 1.3) and late onset overweight (OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.3 to 1.7). Discussion: Two trajectories of overweight and one never overweight group were identified. Early life predictors may have a significant influence on the developmental trajectories of overweight in children.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Li, C., Goran, M. I., Kaur, H., Nollen, N., & Ahluwalia, J. S.
- Venue
- Obesity
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-03
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 760-771
- ISSN
- 1930-7381 (ISSN-L)
- 1930-739X
- OpenAlex
- W2158300345
- Cited by
- 285
- References
- 45
- FWCI
- 17.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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