The DOI matches its Crossref record; 56 of the 56 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Dysregulation of kynurenine metabolism is related to proinflammatory cytokines, attention, and prefrontal cortex volume in schizophrenia
Open accessAbstract
The kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan (TRP) catabolism links immune system activation with neurotransmitter signaling. The KP metabolite kynurenic acid (KYNA) is increased in the brains of people with schizophrenia. We tested the extent to which: (1) brain KP enzyme mRNAs, (2) brain KP metabolites, and (3) plasma KP metabolites differed on the basis of elevated cytokines in schizophrenia vs. control groups and the extent to which plasma KP metabolites were associated with cognition and brain volume in patients displaying elevated peripheral cytokines. KP enzyme mRNAs and metabolites were assayed in two independent postmortem brain samples from a total of 71 patients with schizophrenia and 72 controls. Plasma KP metabolites, cognition, and brain volumes were measured in an independent cohort of 96 patients with schizophrenia and 81 healthy controls. Groups were stratified based on elevated vs. normal proinflammatory cytokine mRNA levels. In the prefrontal cortex (PFC), kynurenine (KYN)/TRP ratio, KYNA levels, and mRNA for enzymes, tryptophan dioxygenase (TDO) and kynurenine aminotransferases (KATI/II), were significantly increased in the high cytokine schizophrenia subgroup. KAT mRNAs significantly correlated with mRNA for glial fibrillary acidic protein in patients. In plasma, the high cytokine schizophrenia subgroup displayed an elevated KYN/TRP ratio, which correlated inversely with attention and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) volume. This study provides further evidence for the role of inflammation in a subgroup of patients with schizophrenia and suggests a molecular mechanism through which inflammation could lead to schizophrenia. Proinflammatory cytokines may elicit conversion of TRP to KYN in the periphery and increase the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist KYNA via increased KAT mRNA and possibly more enzyme synthesis activity in brain astrocytes, leading to DLPFC volume loss, and attention impairment in schizophrenia.
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Citations
Cites
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“Importantly, brain KYNs are linked to and influenced by the peripheral KP [9, 27].”
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Increased cortical kynurenate content in schizophrenia
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Kynurenine pathway metabolism in human astrocytes: a paradox for neuronal protection
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Andrejew, R., Oliveira-Giacomelli, Á., Ribeiro, D. E., Glaser, T., Arnaud-Sampaio, V. F., Lameu, C., & Ulrich, H. (2020) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2020.00124 · Cited by 162
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“An increased K/T ratio in serum and CSF indicates that TRP metabolism is enhanced, and IDO activation increases in AD [5].”
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Biomarkers of post-covid depression
Lorkiewicz, P., & Waszkiewicz, N. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10184142 · Cited by 102
The Role of Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia
Dawidowski, B., Górniak, A., Podwalski, P., Lebiecka, Z., Misiak, B., & Samochowiec, J. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10173849 · Cited by 102
Metadata
- Authors
- Kindler, J., Lim, C. K., Weickert, C. S., Boerrigter, D., Galletly, C., Liu, D., Jacobs, K. R., Balzan, R., Bruggemann, J., O’Donnell, M., Lenroot, R., Guillemin, G. J., & Weickert, T. W.
- Venue
- Molecular Psychiatry
- Published
- 2019-04-03
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 2860-2872
- ISSN
- 1359-4184 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5578
- OpenAlex
- W2929017669
- Cited by
- 284
- References
- 56
- FWCI
- 8.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
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- Kindler, J., Lim, C. K., Weickert, C. S., Boerrigter, D., Galletly, C., Liu, D., Jacobs, K. R., Balzan, R., Bruggemann, J., O’Donnell, M., Lenroot, R., Guillemin, G. J., & Weickert, T. W. (2020). Dysregulation of kynurenine metabolism is related to proinflammatory cytokines, attention, and prefrontal cortex volume in schizophrenia. Molecular Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-019-0401-9
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