Armadillo repeat-containing kinesin represents the versatile plus-end-directed transporter in Physcomitrella
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Abstract
Kinesin-1, also known as conventional kinesin, is widely used for microtubule plus-end-directed (anterograde) transport of various cargos in animal cells. However, a motor functionally equivalent to the conventional kinesin has not been identified in plants, which lack the kinesin-1 genes. Here we show that plant-specific armadillo repeat-containing kinesin (ARK) is the long sought-after versatile anterograde transporter in plants. In ARK mutants of the moss Physcomitrium patens, the anterograde motility of nuclei, chloroplasts, mitochondria and secretory vesicles was suppressed. Ectopic expression of non-motile or tail-deleted ARK did not restore organelle distribution. Another prominent macroscopic phenotype of ARK mutants was the suppression of cell tip growth. We showed that this defect was attributed to the mislocalization of actin regulators, including RopGEFs; expression and forced apical localization of RopGEF3 partially rescued the growth phenotype of the ARK mutant. The mutant phenotypes were partially rescued by ARK homologues in Arabidopsis thaliana, suggesting the conservation of ARK functions in plants.
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In moss Physcomitrium patens, knockout of all four Kin14VI paralogues (KCBP) resulted in chloroplast accumulation at the apex due to opposing plus-end-directed transporter KinARK.
“The phenotype of Kin14VIa/b was consistent with the results in the moss Physcomitrium patens, wherein the knockout of all four Kin14VI paralogues (called KCBP) resulted in chloroplast accumulation at the apex, where microtubule plus ends are enriched, due to the opposing plus‐end‐directed transporter KinARK (Yamada et al., 2017; Yoshida et al., 2019, 2023).”
From <scp>RNAi</scp> reveals a unique set of kinesins mediating chloroplast motility in the giant cytoplasm of <i>Bryopsis</i> (Ulvophyceae), a coenocytic green alga (2026) · cites this paper as Yoshida et al., 2023
The section ‘ARK is required for intracellular transport’ says that chloroplasts in a KCBP knockout moved to the apical side and identifies ARK as the opposing, anterograde transporter. The copy does not establish that the KCBP knockout removed all four Kin14VI paralogues; its discussion of a four-gene knockout concerns ARK, not KCBP. No page number is available for these passages. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredKinARK is a versatile anterograde transporter in bryophytes.
“is a versatile anterograde transporter in bryophytes”
From <scp>RNAi</scp> reveals a unique set of kinesins mediating chloroplast motility in the giant cytoplasm of <i>Bryopsis</i> (Ulvophyceae), a coenocytic green alga (2026) · cites this paper as Yoshida et al., 2023
The section ‘ARK is a versatile anterograde transporter in P. patens’ identifies ARK as a candidate for that role, and the paper describes it as the strongest candidate in moss. ‘Possible ARK function beyond moss protonemata’ notes evidence for organelle movement in liverwort, but the paper does not establish versatile anterograde transport across bryophytes generally. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredKinARK is a plant-specific motor family.
“KinARK, a plant‐specific motor family”
From <scp>RNAi</scp> reveals a unique set of kinesins mediating chloroplast motility in the giant cytoplasm of <i>Bryopsis</i> (Ulvophyceae), a coenocytic green alga (2026) · cites this paper as Yoshida et al., 2023
KinARK transports chloroplasts and other organelles, including the nucleus.
“it not only transports chloroplasts but also other organelles, including the nucleus (Kanda et al., 2023; Yoshida et al., 2023)”
From <scp>RNAi</scp> reveals a unique set of kinesins mediating chloroplast motility in the giant cytoplasm of <i>Bryopsis</i> (Ulvophyceae), a coenocytic green alga (2026) · cites this paper as Yoshida et al., 2023
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Cites
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Ogawa, H. A., Ochiai, K. K., Shirae‐Kurabayashi, M., & Goshima, G. (2026) · Journal of Phycology · doi:10.1111/jpy.70118 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Yoshida, M. W., Hakozaki, M., & Goshima, G.
- Affiliations
- Nagoya University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Goshima, Gohta
- Venue
- Nature Plants
- Published
- 2023-05-04
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 733-748
- ISSN
- 2055-026X (ISSN-L)
- 2055-0278
- OpenAlex
- W4368374050
- Cited by
- 20
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1
- FWCI
- 2.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Plants (publishedVersion)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) (acceptedVersion)
- Nagoya University Repository (NAGOYA Repository) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (18KK0202, 22H02644, 17H06471)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant Reproductive Biology
- Keywords
- Physcomitrella patens, bryophytes, organelle motility, secretory vesicle transport, cell polarity, actin regulators, kinesin-1
- MeSH terms
- Protein Domains, Kinesins, Arabidopsis, Bryopsida
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