The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
DNA synthesis technologies to close the gene writing gap
Open accessAbstract
Synthetic DNA is of increasing demand across many sectors of research and commercial activities. Engineering biology, therapy, data storage and nanotechnology are set for rapid developments if DNA can be provided at scale and low cost. Stimulated by successes in next generation sequencing and gene editing technologies, DNA synthesis is already a burgeoning industry. However, the synthesis of >200 bp sequences remains unaffordable. To overcome these limitations and start writing DNA as effectively as it is read, alternative technologies have been developed including molecular assembly and cloning methods, template-independent enzymatic synthesis, microarray and rolling circle amplification techniques. Here, we review the progress in developing and commercializing these technologies, which are exemplified by innovations from leading companies. We discuss pros and cons of each technology, the need for oversight and regulatory policies for DNA synthesis as a whole and give an overview of DNA synthesis business models. There is increasing demand for synthetic DNA. However, our ability to make, or write, DNA lags behind our ability to sequence, or read, it. This Review discusses commercialized DNA synthesis technologies in the pursuit of closing the DNA writing gap.
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Cites
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Cited by
Site-saturation mutagenesis of 500 human protein domains
Beltran, A., Jiang, X., Shen, Y., & Lehner, B. (2025) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-024-08370-4 · Cited by 126
High-throughput discovery of inhibitory protein fragments with AlphaFold
Savinov, A., Swanson, S., Keating, A. E., & Li, G.-W. (2025) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2322412122 · Cited by 18
Rebimbas, R., Glória, I., Chegão, J., Al-Rawi, M., Mousakhani Ganjeh, A., & Saraiva, J. A. (2026) · Journal of Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2026.03.003
Metadata
- Authors
- Hoose, A., Vellacott, R., Storch, M., Freemont, P. S., & Ryadnov, M. G.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Chemistry
- Published
- 2023-01-23
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 144-161
- ISSN
- 2397-3358 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4317749977
- Cited by
- 268
- References
- 14
- FWCI
- 6.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- Hoose, A., Vellacott, R., Storch, M., Freemont, P. S., & Ryadnov, M. G. (2023). DNA synthesis technologies to close the gene writing gap. Nature Reviews Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41570-022-00456-9
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