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Gene regulation by long non-coding RNAs and its biological functions
Open accessAbstract
Evidence accumulated over the past decade shows that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are widely expressed and have key roles in gene regulation. Recent studies have begun to unravel how the biogenesis of lncRNAs is distinct from that of mRNAs and is linked with their specific subcellular localizations and functions. Depending on their localization and their specific interactions with DNA, RNA and proteins, lncRNAs can modulate chromatin function, regulate the assembly and function of membraneless nuclear bodies, alter the stability and translation of cytoplasmic mRNAs and interfere with signalling pathways. Many of these functions ultimately affect gene expression in diverse biological and physiopathological contexts, such as in neuronal disorders, immune responses and cancer. Tissue-specific and condition-specific expression patterns suggest that lncRNAs are potential biomarkers and provide a rationale to target them clinically. In this Review, we discuss the mechanisms of lncRNA biogenesis, localization and functions in transcriptional, post-transcriptional and other modes of gene regulation, and their potential therapeutic applications.
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“Although this study is focused on identifying CREs, there are other non-coding regulatory mechanisms that could alter gene expression in AD including microRNAs (miRNAs),90 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs),91 transposable elements,92 etc., that are not assessed.”
From Single nucleus multiomics identifies ZEB1 and MAFB as candidate regulators of Alzheimer’s disease-specific cis-regulatory elements (2023) · cites this paper as [91]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Statello, L., Guo, C.-J., Chen, L.-L., & Huarte, M.
- Affiliations
- Navarre Institute of Health Research (ES)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Ling-Ling
- Huarte, Maite
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
- Published
- 2020-12-22
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 96-118
- ISSN
- 1471-0072 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-0080
- PMC
- PMC7754182
- OpenAlex
- W3115880421
- Cited by
- 4,991
- References
- 295
- Citations by year
- 2026: 641 · 2025: 894 · 2024: 1113 · 2023: 962 · 2022: 933 · 2021: 441 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 60.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2021-01-08)
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (55008728)
- Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (31861143025, 31725009, 91940303)
- European Regional Development Fund
- Agencia Estatal de Investigación
- H2020 European Research Council (771425)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Keywords
- long non-coding RNA, gene expression regulation, lncRNA biogenesis, chromatin regulation, post-transcriptional regulation, mRNA stability, translation (biology), signaling pathways, neuronal disorders, immune response, cancer, biomarkers, therapeutic target
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Immune System Diseases, Neoplasms, Signal Transduction, RNA, Long Noncoding, Neurodevelopmental Disorders
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