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Tuning element distribution, structure and properties by composition in high-entropy alloys
Abstract
High-entropy alloys are a class of materials that contain five or more elements in near-equiatomic proportions 1,2 . Their unconventional compositions and chemical structures hold promise for achieving unprecedented combinations of mechanical properties 3-8 . Rational design of such alloys hinges on an understanding of the composition-structure-property relationships in a near-infinite compositional space 9,10 . Here we use atomic-resolution chemical mapping to reveal the element distribution of the widely studied face-centred cubic CrMnFeCoNi Cantor alloy 2 and of a new face-centred cubic alloy, CrFeCoNiPd. In the Cantor alloy, the distribution of the five constituent elements is relatively random and uniform. By contrast, in the CrFeCoNiPd alloy, in which the palladium atoms have a markedly different atomic size and electronegativity from the other elements, the homogeneity decreases considerably; all five elements tend to show greater aggregation, with a wavelength of incipient concentration waves 11,12 as small as 1 to 3 nanometres. The resulting nanoscale alternating tensile and compressive strain fields lead to considerable resistance to dislocation glide. In situ transmission electron microscopy during straining experiments reveals massive dislocation cross-slip from the early stage of plastic deformation, resulting in strong dislocation interactions between multiple slip systems. These deformation mechanisms in the CrFeCoNiPd alloy, which differ markedly from those in…
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ding, Q., Zhang, Y., Chen, X., Fu, X., Chen, D., Chen, S., Gu, L., Wei, F., Bei, H., Gao, Y., Wen, M., Li, J., Zhang, Z., Zhu, T., Ritchie, R. O., & Yu, Q.
- Affiliations
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials (CN)
- Georgia Institute of Technology (US)
- Tsinghua University (CN)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (US)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- Corresponding author
- Zhu, Ting
- Ritchie, Robert O.
- Yu, Qian
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2019-10-09
- Volume
- 574
- Issue
- 7777
- Pages
- 223-227
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2979750733
- Cited by
- 1,614
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 198 · 2025: 293 · 2024: 292 · 2023: 248 · 2022: 247 · 2021: 194 · 2020: 129 · 2019: 13
- FWCI
- 82.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › High Entropy Alloys Studies
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Metals and Alloys › Microstructure and mechanical properties
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Metals and Alloys › Metallic Glasses and Amorphous Alloys
- Keywords
- high-entropy alloys, elemental distribution, face-centered cubic alloys, concentration waves, dislocation cross-slip, dislocation interactions, stacking fault energy, yield strength, strain hardening, ductility, composition-structure-property relationships, palladium substitution
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